Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Body Systems > Embryology of the Kidney > Flashcards

Embryology of the Kidney Flashcards

1
Q

what 4 parts are the urinary system made up of

A

kidneys
ureters
urinary bladder
urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what two parts are the reproductive system made up of

A

internal/external genitalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when does the formation of the pronephros occur

A

4th week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe the formation of the pronephros

A

intermediate mesoderm in the cervical region condenses and reorganises
forms epithelial buds - disappear around day 25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how does the mesonephric duct form

A

intermediate mesoderm in the lower cervical region induced to epithelise forming a solid duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does the mesonephric duct fuse with and on what day

A

cloaca on day 26 (develops caudally)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the formation of the mesonephros derived from

A

intermediate mesoderm in upper thoracic to upper lumbar regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the development of the mesonephric duct induce

A

formation of the mesonephric buds from mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

formation of the mesonephric tubules occur in what fashion

A

carniocaudally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do mesonephric tubules differentiate into

A

S shape and bowman capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the renal corpuscle made from

A

bowman capsule and glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the glomerulus made out of

A

tuft of capillaries which form at the medial end of the tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how many of the cranial-most tubules fun with the mesonephric duct

A

6/7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when do the tubules first start producing small amounts of urine

A

between weeks 6-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happens to the mesonephric ducts after week ten

A

males - develop into reproductive structures

females - regress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where does gonadal development take place

A

on the medial aspect of the mesonephric ridge

17
Q

what parts make up the collection portion

A

collecting ducts
major and minor calyces
renal pelvis
ureter

18
Q

what parts make up the excretory portion

A

bowmans capsule
PCT
LoH
DCT

19
Q

what happens to the ureteric buds by day 32

A

penetrate the metanephric mesenchyme

20
Q

what is the biurification pathway after the ureteric bud penetrates the metanephric mesenchyme

A 
renal ampulla
renal pelvis 
major calyces 
minor calyces 
collecting ducts
21
Q

what covers newly formed collecting tubules

A

metanephric tissue cap

22
Q

what does the metanephric tissue cap cause

A

specific branching of the tubule

differentiation of cells in the metanephric cap to form renal vesicle

23
Q

what does the renal vesicle turn into

A

s shape tubule and bowman capsule

24
Q

what 3 parts make up the nephron

A

renal corpuscle, tubule and collecting tubule

25
Q

describe duplication of the ureter

A

premature biurification of the ureteric bud
can be partial or complete
present in approx 5%

26
Q

describe unilateral and bilateral renal genesis

A

early degeneration of ureteric bud or failed interaction between ureteric and meseneohric tissue cap
unilateral - generally asymptomatic, hypertrophy of remaining kidney
bilateral - incompatible with life

27
Q

what is oligohydraminos

A

bilateral renal agenesis

decreased volume amniotic fluid causing the foetus to present with potter sequence

28
Q

describe polycystic kidney disease

A

autosomal dominant occurs 1 in 1000
cysts form on all parts of the nephron
autosomal recessive 1 in 5000
cysts form in collecting ducts and kidneys enlarge to renal failure in childhood

caused by gene mutations in cilia

29
Q

what is ascent of kidneys caused by

A

growth and elongation of developing foetus

30
Q

by what week do kidneys fully relocate

A

week 9

31
Q

what is horseshoe kidney

A

occurs in around 1/600 people
inferior poles of kidney fuse
resides lower in the lumbar region
usually asymptomatic

32
Q

what happens to the cloaca in week 4-7

A

divides into the urogenital sinus and the anal canal which are separated by urorectal septum

33
Q

what is the urogenetial sinus divided into

A

upper part - presumptive urinary bladder
pelvic part - urethra
phallic part - penile urethra (males), vestibule (females)

34
Q

what is the bladder initially continuous with

A

allantois

35
Q

what happens to the allantois

A

obliterates to form the urachus that connects the apex of the bladder with the umbilicus in the adult

Body Systems (77 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions