blood vessels

Question 1

what is the leading cause of death worldwide

Answer 1

CVD - 1 in 4 deaths

1 death every 4 mins

Question 2

what are the layers of an artery

Answer 2

outside - tunica adventitia 
tunica media
tunica intima 
endothelium 
lumen

Question 3

what is the structural difference between an elastic artery and a muscular artery

Answer 3

elastic - all layer roughly even with large lumen

msucular - large tunica media with small lumen

Question 4

what is the endothelium of blood vessel made from and what can damage lead to

Answer 4

made from specialised squamous epithelium

damage can lead to clot

Question 5

what are the three types of capillary

Answer 5

continuous
fenestrated
sinusoid

Question 6

describe a continuous capillary

Answer 6

basement membrane outside
endothelial layer (tunica intima)
intercellular cleft
found in most tissues and in the BBB

Question 7

describe a fenestrated capillary

Answer 7

have fenestrations and are found in the small intestine
kidney
endocrine organs

Question 8

what is a sinusoid capillary and where are they found

Answer 8

incomplete basement layer and intercellular gaps
liver
spleen
lymph nodes

Question 9

higher blood flow usually means what to pressure

Answer 9

lower pressure

Question 10

what is hydrostatic pressure in blood vessels

Answer 10

blood flow exerts pressure on the vessels

Question 11

in a graph when do you stop seeing the diastole and systole of the heart and see a continuous line showing blood flow pressure

Answer 11

arterioles

Question 12

what factors affect blood flow

Answer 12

CO 
compliance 
volume of the blood 
viscosity of the blood 
blood vessel length and diameter

Question 13

what is posiulles law

Answer 13

check home screen

Question 14

what is the arterial pressure, capillary pressure and venous pressure in systemic circulation

Answer 14

120/80 - 95 mean
30 mmHg
2-5 mmHg

Question 15

what is the arterial pressure, capillary pressure and venous pressure in pulmonary circulation

Answer 15

25/10 mmHg - mean 15
10 mmHg
2-5 mmHg

Question 16

what are age related changes to blood vessels

Answer 16

fibrous thickening of intima
fibrosis and scarring of media
accumulation of ground substance
fragmentation of elastic lamina

Question 17

what is true vs false aneurysm

Answer 17

true is saccular where one side (all layers of the vessles) are pushed out
fusiform - both side pushed out
false is where flow goes through the walls but caught by outside layer

Question 18

what is the difference in thrombosis in vein vs artery

Answer 18

artery - white thrombus - contains lots of platelets - forms in fast flowing blood
vein - red thrombus contains lots of RBC forms in slow moving vessels