Pelvis and Perineum

Question 1

describe the overall structure of the pelvis

Answer 1

basin shaped, caudal end of body cavity

continuous with abdomen above ,surrounded by bony pelvis, limited by pelvic floor / diaphragm

Question 2

describe the overall structure of the perineum

Answer 2

area inferior (superficially) to pelvic floor, bounded by pelvic outlet limited inferiorly by the skin

Question 3

what is the ischial spine and the ischial tuberosity

Answer 3

The ischial tuberosity is a rounded bone that extends from the ischium — the curved bone that makes up the bottom of your pelvis. It’s located just below the ischial spine, which is a pointed bone that extends up the backside of your pelvis

Question 4

what is the greater and lesser sciatic notch

Answer 4

The greater sciatic notch is a passage from the pelvis into the buttock and thigh. … The lesser sciatic notch is formed by the sacrotuberous ligament and the sacrospinous ligaments

Question 5

what separated the lesser and greater sciatic foramen

Answer 5

the sacrospinous ligament

Question 6

what are the functions of the bony pelvis

Answer 6

surface for muscle attachments muscles of the trunk and the lower body
transfers weight of the trunk to the lower limbs (standing) or ischial tuberosity (sitting)
protect pelvic organs and developing embryo /foetus

Question 7

what are the lateral walls of the pelvic floor

Answer 7

obturator internus / levator ani / prirformis

Question 8

what is within the posterior wall of the pelvis

Answer 8

sacrum
branches of the internal iliac
sacral plexus - nerves of the lower limb, pelvic splanchnics (autonomic) and pudenal nerve (somatic)

Question 9

what do the elevator ani and coccygeus muscles converge in the midline to form

Answer 9

perineal body

an-coccygeal body

Question 10

what is the perineal body

Answer 10

fibromuscular mass at junction between urogenital hiatus and anus
essential for integrity of pelvic floor particularly in females

Question 11

what happens in the perineal body ruptures during pregnancy

Answer 11

predispose women to prolapse

Question 12

what is the internal iliac artery formed by

Answer 12

bifurcation of the common iliac artery

Question 13

what does the internal iliac artery supply

Answer 13

viscera of the pelvis and perineum and also the musculature of the pelvis, perineum and hip joint

Question 14

what are the 11 branches of the internal iliac artery

Answer 14

1 umbilical and obliterated umbilical 
2 superior vesical 
3 inferir vesical (male) vaginal (female) 
4 uterine (female)
5 obturator 
6 middle rectal (60%)
7 internal pudendal 
8 inferior gluteal 
9 superior gluteal 
10 lateral sacral 
11 illiolumbar