Peritoneum and peritoneal reflections anatomy

Question 1

what are the paired muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall

Answer 1

external/internal oblique 
transversus abdominus 
rectus abdominus 
(quadratus lumborum posteriorly)

Question 2

what are the boarders of the abdominal cavity

Answer 2

superior limit - thoracic diaphragm
inferiorly - continuous with pelvic cavity
anteriorly and laterally - abdominal muscles
posterior - lumber vertebrae

Question 3

what is one reason why pelvic cavity must be continuous with abdominal cavity

Answer 3

gonads start in the abdomen and lower into pelvic cavity

Question 4

where does the abdominal cavity technically start

Answer 4

anything deep of the anterolateral muscles

Question 5

where does the foregut start and end

Answer 5

oesophagus (distal end) to the middle of the duodenum

Question 6

where does the mid gut start and end

Answer 6

middle duodenum to 2/3rds transverse colon

Question 7

where does the hindgut start and end

Answer 7

2/3rds transverses colon to anus

Question 8

what is the linear alba

Answer 8

midline of the fusion of aponeurosis of the rectus sheath

Question 9

what is a mesentery

Answer 9

double layer of peritoneum which suspends parts of organs

Question 10

define parietal peritoneum

Answer 10

layer of peritoneum lining the abdominal wall, pelvic wall and inferior surface of the diaphragm

Question 11

define visceral peritoneum

Answer 11

layer of peritoneum that specifically covers viscera

Question 12

what is the difference between retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal

Answer 12

retro - situated outside the peritoneum and in contact with the body wall eg kidneys
intra - suspended from the abdominal wall by a double layered fold of peritoneum

Question 13

what is the function of a mesentery

Answer 13

route for nerves blood vessels and lymphatics

Question 14

what is the general rule of structures that are within mesenteries

Answer 14

structures that change in size and shape such as the stomach are intraperitoneal

Question 15

what is the role of the dorsal mesentery

Answer 15

separates gut tube from body wall allowing it to grow longer than the body
it is dorsal due to the aorta, IVC, spinal cord, symp chain

Question 16

what is within the mesentery of the small intestine

what are the attachments

Answer 16

jejunum and ileum

attached from upper left to lower right posterior abdominal wall

Question 17

what is within the transverse mesocolon

Answer 17

transverses colon which is horizontally across the posterior abdominal wall

Question 18

what does the mesocolic shelf separate

Answer 18

the peritoneal cavity into suprcolic and infra colic compartments

Question 19

what are secondarily retroperitoneal

Answer 19

ascending and descending colon

Question 20

what are the grooves called in the ascending and descending colon

Answer 20

parabolic gutters

Question 21

what is the greater sac divided into

Answer 21

main peritoneal cavity subdivided into supracolic and infra colic compartments

Question 22

what is within the lesser sac

Answer 22

recess of peritoneal cavity between stomach and posterior abdominal wall

Question 23

what links the greater and lesser sacs together

Answer 23

epiploic foramen of winslow

Question 24

what are the foregut, mid and hid connected to the posterior abdominal wall by

Answer 24

dorsal mesentery

Question 25

describe the lateral view of the foregut and ventral mesentery

Answer 25

check folder for diagram

Question 26

what is in the ventral mesentery

Answer 26

foregut only - free lower border midway along duodenum

Question 27

where do they liver and spleen develop

Answer 27

spleen in dorsal mesentery

liver in ventral mesentery

Question 28

during development what are these connected to 
lienorenal ligament 
gastrosplenic ligament 
Leser omentum 
falciform ligament

Answer 28

connects dorsal aspect to spleen
connects spleen and stomach
connects stomach and liver
connect liver to ventral aspect

Question 29

how is the greater momentum formed during development

Answer 29

stomach rotates 90 degrees to the right, dorsal mesentery balloons to the left

Question 30

as the stomach rotates to the right what else moves

Answer 30

liver is pushed to the right and speed is pushed to the left

Question 31

what features are in the supra colic compartment

Answer 31

Falciform ligament
Subphrenic recess
Coronary ligaments
Hepatorenal recess (Morrison’s recess)
Lesser omentum
Epiploic foramen
Gastrosplenic ligament
Lienorenal ligament

Question 32

what features are in the infra colic compartment

Answer 32

parabolic gutters and the mesentery