Obesity Flashcards
what is weight stigma
discrimination or stereotyping based on someones weight
can be found in various areas within society in direct, environmental or indirect forms
what can weight stigma affect
emotional well being - depression, suicide, anxiety
physical well-being - binge eating, behaviours, avoidance of acidity
quality of health care - more likely to not receive treatments or preventative services
what are some physical effects of obesity
respiratory disease diabetes stroke osteoarthritis cancer hyperaemia and gout leg ulcers gall bladder disease
where does obesity rank in cancer risk causes
second behind tobacco use
what is the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults
around 7 out of 0 men have BMI greater than 25
around 6 out of 10 women have BMI greater than 25
one in four men and women are affected by obesity
why do we measure waist size in obesity
high levels of central adipose deposits in adults as measured with waist circumference
higher among women than men but both sexes have had large increase since 1993
how does parental obesity affect children weight
if parents are over weight so is more likely to be child - more common if mother is severely obese then more likely child will be even if dad is not
which countries are currently more at risk to obesity
increases in developing world but slow plateaus in western society
what are the NICE guidelines on tackling obesity
diet, physical activtiy, lifestyle
drugs
surgery
how do you raise the issue of weight with patients
avoid weight stigma and be non-judgementally curious sensitive manner empathy positive language genuine infrom
what is a realistic amount of initial weight loss from patients
5-10%
when would bariatric surgery be an option
vmi of 40 or between 35 and 40
must be fit for anaesthesia
need long term follow up
what are the three types of bariatric surgery
gastric band
sleep gastrectomy
gastric bypass
why is BMI not a good indicator of body fat mass
it is generalised fo rah population but ethnicity and athletes have different scales
what is the normal fasted level of glucose
about 5.6 mol/L - anything above 6.1 one i bad
what should cholesterol be lower than
lower than 5 mol/L
what are the recommend % ranges for macros
45-65% carb
10-35% protein
20-35% fat
what are the consumer advantages / disadvantages to fat tax
cost is main determinant of choice so will lead to improved diet
poorer people hit hardest and they spend greater portion of income on food
what are the manufacturer advantaged and disadvantages of fat tax
incentive to reduce fat / sugar products and promotes fruit and veg
increased production cost with lower profit margins
what are the government advantages / disadvantages to fat tax
even small percentage tax would raise money for NHS, directed back to poorer families, subsidise cost of healthy foods
cost in legislation - doubt would be much support - worry of nanny state
