Obesity

Question 1

what is weight stigma

Answer 1

discrimination or stereotyping based on someones weight

can be found in various areas within society in direct, environmental or indirect forms

Question 2

what can weight stigma affect

Answer 2

emotional well being - depression, suicide, anxiety
physical well-being - binge eating, behaviours, avoidance of acidity
quality of health care - more likely to not receive treatments or preventative services

Question 3

what are some physical effects of obesity

Answer 3

respiratory disease 
diabetes 
stroke 
osteoarthritis 
cancer 
hyperaemia and gout 
leg ulcers 
gall bladder disease

Question 4

where does obesity rank in cancer risk causes

Answer 4

second behind tobacco use

Question 5

what is the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults

Answer 5

around 7 out of 0 men have BMI greater than 25
around 6 out of 10 women have BMI greater than 25

one in four men and women are affected by obesity

Question 6

why do we measure waist size in obesity

Answer 6

high levels of central adipose deposits in adults as measured with waist circumference
higher among women than men but both sexes have had large increase since 1993

Question 7

how does parental obesity affect children weight

Answer 7

if parents are over weight so is more likely to be child - more common if mother is severely obese then more likely child will be even if dad is not

Question 8

which countries are currently more at risk to obesity

Answer 8

increases in developing world but slow plateaus in western society

Question 9

what are the NICE guidelines on tackling obesity

Answer 9

diet, physical activtiy, lifestyle
drugs
surgery

Question 10

how do you raise the issue of weight with patients

Answer 10

avoid weight stigma and be non-judgementally curious 
sensitive manner 
empathy 
positive language 
genuine 
infrom

Question 11

what is a realistic amount of initial weight loss from patients

Answer 11

5-10%

Question 12

when would bariatric surgery be an option

Answer 12

vmi of 40 or between 35 and 40
must be fit for anaesthesia
need long term follow up

Question 13

what are the three types of bariatric surgery

Answer 13

gastric band
sleep gastrectomy
gastric bypass

Question 14

why is BMI not a good indicator of body fat mass

Answer 14

it is generalised fo rah population but ethnicity and athletes have different scales

Question 15

what is the normal fasted level of glucose

Answer 15

about 5.6 mol/L - anything above 6.1 one i bad

Question 16

what should cholesterol be lower than

Answer 16

lower than 5 mol/L

Question 17

what are the recommend % ranges for macros

Answer 17

45-65% carb
10-35% protein
20-35% fat

Question 18

what are the consumer advantages / disadvantages to fat tax

Answer 18

cost is main determinant of choice so will lead to improved diet
poorer people hit hardest and they spend greater portion of income on food

Question 19

what are the manufacturer advantaged and disadvantages of fat tax

Answer 19

incentive to reduce fat / sugar products and promotes fruit and veg
increased production cost with lower profit margins

Question 20

what are the government advantages / disadvantages to fat tax

Answer 20

even small percentage tax would raise money for NHS, directed back to poorer families, subsidise cost of healthy foods

cost in legislation - doubt would be much support - worry of nanny state