Perineum and External Genitalia

Question 1

what is the perineum

Answer 1

are inferior to pelvic floor bounded by pelvic outlet, limited inferiorly by the skin

Question 2

what is the perineum divided into

Answer 2

UT - urogenital triangle (urethra / vagina

AT - Anal triangle (anus)

Question 3

what are the boundaries of the anal canal

Answer 3

medially - external anal sphincter and elevator ani
laterally - obturator internees
inferiorly - subcutaneous tissue

Question 4

what are the contents of the anal triangle (ischioanal fossa)

Answer 4

fat
pudenal canal - interior pudenal A and V, pudenal nerve
inferior rectal NVB

Question 5

describe the structure of the internal anal sphincter

Answer 5

circular smooth muscle supplied baby autonomic fibres

Question 6

describe the structure of the external anal sphincter

Answer 6

pudenal nerve
deep part - fuses with fibres of lavatory ani including puborectalis maintains anorectal angle
superficial part - attached anteriorly to perineal body
subcutaneous part

Question 7

what is the musculomembranous shelf made up of

Answer 7

perineal membrane and the muscular urogenital diaphragm

Question 8

what forms above and below the urogenital triangle

Answer 8

above - deep perineal pouch

below - superficial perineal pouch

Question 9

what is the ureogenital diaphragm made up of

Answer 9

superior layer of loose connective tissue
layer of strained muscle - froms external urethral sphincter, sphincter of vagina
inferior thick layer of fascia - perineal membrane

Question 10

describe the path of the pudenal nerve artery and vein

Answer 10

leave pelvis via greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis
curve around the ischial spine to enter the perineum via the lesser sciatic foramen
extend forward to pudenal canal

Question 11

what are the boundaries of the natal triangle - ischional fossa

Answer 11

Medially – external anal sphincter and levator ani
Laterally – obturator internus
Inferiorly – subcutaneous tissue