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Chemistry: Precision and Design > Test 5 Review > Flashcards

Test 5 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

properties of alkali metals

A
  1. form cations
  2. lose one electron
  3. found in plant ash
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2
Q

properties of alkaline earth metals

A
  1. exist as cations
  2. 2+
  3. found in earth crust
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3
Q

known as the salt-formers

A

Group 17- Halogens

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4
Q

forms 2+ ions

A

alkaline earth metals

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5
Q

periodic back and forth motion

A

wave

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6
Q

distance between two correspond points on a wave

A

wavelength (lambda)

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7
Q

frequency and wavelength are ____________ operations

A

inverse

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8
Q

the waves strength

A

amplitude

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9
Q

rate at which a wave travels

A

speed

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10
Q

proposed the particle theory of light

A

Newton

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11
Q

proposed the idea of the electromagnetic wave

A

Maxwell

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12
Q

the electromagnetic wave is..

A

an electric component and a magnetic component

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13
Q

symbol for speed of light

A

c

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14
Q

the arrangement of all possible electromagnetic waves

A

electromagnetic spectrum

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15
Q

proposed the dual nature of light

A

Einstein

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16
Q

packet of light or energy

A

photon

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17
Q

in the equation E = hF, h stands for

A

Planck’s constant

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18
Q

Planck’s constant

A

6.63 x 10 ^-34

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19
Q

element used initially with the spectrum

A

hydrogen

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20
Q

proposed the model of the atom where the electrons lose energy and collide

A

Rutherford’s model

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21
Q

model after Rutherford’s that proposes energy levels to keep organized orbits

A

Bohr’s model

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22
Q

the lowest energy level an electron can have

A

ground state

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23
Q

any energy level higher than the ground state is said to be an

A

excited state

24
Q

states that it is impossible to simultaneously determine the position and momentum of an object

A

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

25
Q

KNOW COMBINING CAPACITY

A
26
Q

KNOW ALL PERIODIC TRENDS

A
27
Q

KNOW ALL COMPONENTS OF PERIODIC TABLE

A
28
Q

proposed the electron cloud model

A

Born

29
Q

the aufbau principle states that

A

electrons fill lowest to highest energy levels

30
Q

four quantum numbers

A

principle (n) - energy level; required for address
subshell (l) - shape; required for address
magnetic (m sub l) - orientation in space; required for address
spin (m sub s) - spin/rotation

31
Q

the electron configuration tells

A
  1. where the electrons are
  2. what element is it
  3. the chemical properties
32
Q

Hund’s rule

A

electrons fill up all one way before pairing

33
Q

KNOW HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

A
34
Q

as wavelength increases, frequency

A

decreases

35
Q

type of wave in which light consists

A

electromagnetic wave

36
Q

speed of light in meters per second

A

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

37
Q

the complete range of wavelengths or frequencies of electromagnetic radiation

A

electromagnetic spectrum

38
Q

seven broad categories the electromagnetic spectrum is divided into

A

radio waves,
microwaves
infrared waves
visible light
ultraviolet waves
x-rays
gamma rays

39
Q

the amount of energy a photon contains is proportional to the

A

frequency

40
Q

Pauli exclusino principle

A

it is impossible to simultaneously determine the momentum and the position of an electron with precision

41
Q

what is an orbital

A

region in space in which there is a high probability of finding the electron

42
Q

what is an orbit

A

definite path in which and electron can be found

43
Q

what is the electron configuration

A

complete arrangement of electrons in an atom

44
Q

the electron configuration of an atom determines how the atom _____________________ and influences ____ and ____________ of molecules that are found

A
  1. chemically bonds
  2. shape and properties
45
Q

number that describes a property of an electron according to the Schrodinger equations

A

quantum number

46
Q

one of the earliest chemists to show similarity of properties for groups of elements by arranging them in TRIADS

A

Dobereiner

47
Q

demonstrated the periodicity of elements for groups of eight elements (octaves)

A

Newlands

48
Q

arranges elements according to atomic mass with varying sizes of periods and with elements having similar properties in the same group; led to the modern periodic table

A

Mendeleev

49
Q

showed that the periodicity of the elements was related to atomic number rather than to atomic mass

A

Moseley

50
Q

properties of alkali metals

A
  1. low densities
  2. very chemically reactive
  3. never found in their free state
  4. react with water to produce hydrogen gas and metal hydroxide
  5. react with oxygen and water vapor in the air
51
Q

properties of alkaline earth metals

A
  1. silvery-white
  2. malleable
  3. ductile,
  4. less soft and have higher densities and melting points
  5. less reactive than alkali metals
  6. still too reactive to be found naturally as free elements
52
Q

atomic radius; metallic character

A

decreases across
increases down

53
Q

ionization energy
electron affinity
electronegativity

A

increases across
decreases down

54
Q

energy involved in ADDING an electron to a neutral gaseous atom

A

electron affinity

55
Q

energy needed to REMOVE an electron from a neutral gaseous atom

A

first ionization energy

56
Q

describe electronegativity

A

the ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself when it is chemically combined with another atom

Chemistry: Precision and Design (66 decks)

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