Test 1 Review Flashcards
smallest particle without changing substance
atom
one type of substance
pure substance
several compounds involved
mixture
shows number of protons
atomic number
shows total number of nucleons (protons and neutrons)
mass number
cutting of meat
physical change
leaves changing color in autumn
chemical change
baking cake
chemical change
types of chemistry
analytical chemistry, physical, biochemistry
measurement system used in US
English system
Greek letter used for micro-
looks like a u
mu
two types of exact numbers
counting
exact values
standard unit of mass
kilogram
collection of compatible measurements
system of measurement
quantity of matter
mass
multiplier of kilo-
1000
measure of force of gravity
weight
equation for density
p=m/V
unique about the Kelvin scale
no negative values
no degrees
SI unit for time
second
errors that involve precision
random errors
3.260 numb of sig figs
4 sig figs
0.09020 # of sig figs
4 sig figs
5400 # of sf
2
four states of matter
gas, liquid, solid, plasma
anuthing that has mass and takes up spacec
matter
smallest substance element can be broken without changing substance
atom
cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary means
elements
elements that cannot exist by single atoms
diatomic elements
substance that can be decomposed by chemical means into simpler substances
compounds
grouping of symbols that tell us what kind of atoms as well as the number
formula
two or more elements physically mixed not chemically
mixture
group or two or more atoms linked by chemical bonds
molecules
components are in variable proportion
mixture
components are separated by chemical means
compound
atamos means
indivisible, cannot be broken down
components retain properties
mixture
proposed atomic theory
Dalton
energy possessed by matter due to motion
kinetic energy
two laws that came out of the atomic theory
law of definite composition
law of multiple proportions
T/F: the higher the temp the lower the kinetic energy
FALSE
two types of mixtures
heterogenous
homogenous
another name for heterogenous mixtures
solution
homogenous part of the mixture in contact with but physically distinct from
phase
two types of properties and changes
chemical
physical
four signs of a chemical change
precipitate, gas, change in color, liberation or absorption of energy
this experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus
Gold Foil Experiment
ways to separate mixtures
distillation
crystallization
chromatography
most abundant element in the universe
hydrogen
three subatomic particles
protons, neutrons, electrons
protons are found in the
nucleus
discovered the neutron
Sir James Chadwick
protons and neutrons are supposedly composed of
quarks
symbol used to represent number of protons
Z
mass number
number of all nucleons (protons and nuetrons)
subatomic particle that has the smallest mass
electron
atoms of the same element that differ in mass number
isotopes
specific names for positive and negative ions
cation (+)
anion (-)
average mass of all various isotopes in an elements compared to C12
atomic mass
units for atomic mass units
amu (u)
record of mass distribution of particles given by mass spectrometer
mass spectrum
form of matter has its own unique properties
substance
most common state of matter in the universe is
plasma
chemical change as a result of a collision of atoms or molecules
chemical reaction
prefix that has M
mega
SI unit of volume
liter
standard metric unit of length
meter
KNOW METRIC PREFIX CONVERSIONS
BE ABLE TO CONVERT AMONG THE TEMP SCALES
KNOW THE SIG FIG RULES
BE ABLE TO CALCULATE USING SIG FIGS
SCI TO DEC
DEC TO SCI
ATOMIC MASS (percent to decimal and multiply)
BE ABLE TO DO DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
BE ABLE TO FIND PROTONS, ELECTONS, NEUTRONS
KNOW THE ELEMENTS IN BOLD
