Section 1.2- Measurement in Chemistry

Question 1

the language of science

Answer 1

mathematics

Question 2

has to do with the consistency or reproducibility of a measurement and is closely related to a measurement’s uncertainty

Answer 2

precision

Question 3

errors in measurement that tend to fluctuate randomly about the true value

Answer 3

random errors

Question 4

has to do with how close a measurement is to the actual, exact value

Answer 4

accuracy

Question 5

errors that have definite causes, such as a defective instrument, are known as

Answer 5

systematic errors

Question 6

numbers obtained by counting are usually

Answer 6

certain

Question 7

defined values are

Answer 7

certain

Question 8

two types certain/exact values

Answer 8

counted values
defined values

Question 9

because they have no uncertainty, values obtained by counting or set by a definition are

Answer 9

exact numbers

Question 10

there is always some _______________________ in a measurement

Answer 10

uncertainty

Question 11

a collection of compatible, related units that can be used to measure various quantities

Answer 11

system of measurement

Question 12

the system of measurement most commonly used in the US is the

Answer 12

F.P.S (foot-pound-second) system

Question 13

is used worldwide as the standard system of measurement for scientific and technical purposes

Answer 13

metric system

Question 14

the metric units most commonly encountered in everyday measurement are

Answer 14

kilogram
meter
liter

Question 15

a metric unit of mass

Answer 15

kilogram

Question 16

metric unit of length

Answer 16

meter

Question 17

metric unit of volume

Answer 17

liter

Question 18

a modification of the metric system with meticulously defined standards for all units

Answer 18

SI

Question 19

attached to the base unit’s name to change its value

Answer 19

prefixes

Question 20

the standard SI unit of length

Answer 20

meter

Question 21

the most familiar metric unit of volume

Answer 21

liter

Question 22

measurements of quantities smaller than L are almost always given in

Answer 22

milliliters

Question 23

the quantity of matter in an object

Answer 23

mass

Question 24

the force of gravity upon an object

Answer 24

weight

Question 25

nano

Answer 25

one billionth
n
10^-9

Question 26

micro

Answer 26

one millionth
u with a backwards tail
10^-6

Question 27

milli

Answer 27

one thousandth
m
10^-3

Question 28

centi

Answer 28

one hundredth
c
10^-2

Question 29

kilo

Answer 29

one thousand
k
10^3

Question 30

mega

Answer 30

one million
M
10^6

Question 31

measures the compactness of matter

the ratio of a substance’s mass to its volume

Answer 31

density

Question 32

represents density

Answer 32

rho

Question 33

equation for density

Answer 33

p= m/V

Question 33

the same amount of weight will have the same amount of

Answer 33

mass

Question 34

density units

Answer 34

g/mL
g/cm^3

Question 35

in chemistry, temperature is most often measured in

Answer 35

degrees Celsius

Question 36

freezing point

Answer 36

C= 0
F= 32
K= 273.15

Question 37

boiling point

Answer 37

C=100
F=212
K= 373.15

Question 38

formula for converting F to C

Answer 38

Tc= 5/9 (Tf-32)

Question 39

formula for converting C to F

Answer 39

Tf= 9/5Tc + 32

Question 40

the coldest possible temperature is

the temperature at which molecules cease vibrating

Answer 40

absolute zero

Question 41

is that same size as a degree Celsius

Answer 41

kelvin (K)

Question 42

formula to convert K to C

Answer 42

Tc= Tk-273.15

Question 43

the basic unit of time

Answer 43

second

Question 44

to perform unit conversions, you should use the technique of

Answer 44

dimensional analysis

Question 45

a fraction that equals 1 and has different units in the numerator and denominator

Answer 45

conversion factor