Section 10.3- Nitrogen

Question 1

makes up 78% of the volume of air

Answer 1

nitrogen

Question 2

liquid air is a major source of N2 from which it is obtained by

Answer 2

fractional distillation

Question 3

third-ranking chemical in the US

Answer 3

nitrogen

Question 4

the chief mineral sources of the chemically combined element are

Answer 4

saltpeter and Chile saltpeter

Question 5

properties of nitrogen

Answer 5

tasteless, colorless, odorless

Question 6

nitrogen is very _____________

Answer 6

unreactive

Question 7

nitrogen’s lack of reactivity makes it an ideal ____________

Answer 7

diluent (diluting substance)

Question 8

too large percentage of N2 is the atmosphere and a ___________ O2 percentage would make combustion reactions difficult or impossible

Answer 8

reduced

Question 9

the major use of nitrogen is in the

Answer 9

production of ammonia for fertilizers

Question 10

process which a few organisms use to convert atmospheric nitrogen to a form that can be used by plants

Answer 10

nitrogen fixation

Question 11

the most important of the organisms that have the ability to do nitrogen fixation are the bacteria of the

Answer 11

Rhizobium

Question 12

found in all living things in the form of proteins and nucleic acids

Answer 12

nitrogen

Question 13

the most important commercially available fertilizer in the US

Answer 13

urea

Question 14

both ammonia and ammonium salts must first be converted into ___________ by soil bacteria before the plants can use them

Answer 14

nitrates

Question 15

systems designed to move nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil and back again

Answer 15

nitrogen cycle

Question 16

besides some form of nitrogen, fertilizers often contain other as

Answer 16

K and P

Question 17

colorless gas with an irritating odor

Answer 17

ammonia

Question 18

the ammonia used for fertilizer productions is synthesized by the _____________

Answer 18

Haber process or industrial fixation

Question 19

because ammonia is a respiratory stimulant, the ammonium salt ammonium carbonate was once used as

Answer 19

smelling salts

Question 20

a colorless gas with a pleasant odor and sweet taste

Answer 20

nitrous oxide

Question 21

called laughing gas

Answer 21

nitrous oxide or dinitrogen monoxide

Question 22

a very toxic brownish gas with a choking odor

Answer 22

nitrogen dioxide

Question 23

one of the most important inorganic acids

Answer 23

nitric acid

Question 24

nitric acid is produced commercially by the

Answer 24

Oswald process

Question 25

an unstable liquid that detonates unpredictably with slight shock

Answer 25

nitroglycerin