Section 1.3- Mathematics in Chemistry

Question 1

is based on the fact that every number can be expressed as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of ten

Answer 1

scientific notation or exponential notation

Question 2

the ___________ in scientific notation is the number of places the decimal point must be moved for the first factor to be between 1 and 10

Answer 2

exponent

Question 3

a number less than 1 will have a ______________ exponent when expressed in scientific notation

Answer 3

negative

Question 4

a number greater than 1 will have a ________________ exponent when expressed in scientific notation

Answer 4

positive

Question 5

when adding or subtracting numbers that are written in scientific notation, the numbers must be all written so they have the same power of 10

Question 6

To multiply two numbers in scientific notation, multiply the first factors to obtain the first factor of the product and add the exponents to obtain second factor of the product

Question 7

To divide two numbers in scientific notation, divide the first factors to obtain the first factor of the quotient and subtract the exponents to obtain the second factor of the quotient

Question 8

the digits that certain, along with the one uncertain digit, are the

Answer 8

significant figures

Question 9

Sig Fig Rules:

Answer 9

1. All nonzero digits are significant
2. Zeros at the beginning of a number are not significant
3. Zeros between nonzero digits are significant
4. Zeros that are at the end of a number that has a decimal point are significant
5. Zeros at the end of a number that does not have a decimal point are ambiguous and are considered not significant

Question 10

in sig figs, in addition and subtraction, round your answer to the place that has the

Answer 10

greatest uncertainty

Question 11

In multiplication and division, round your answer to the same number of significant figures as the factor having the ____________ number of significant figures

Answer 11

smaller