Section 6.1- Energy

Question 1

all chemical reactions involve ___________ changes

Answer 1

energy

Question 2

chemical reactions involve a reshuffling of atoms held together by forces that form

Answer 2

chemical bonds

Question 3

the study of the flow of energy

Answer 3

thermodynamics

Question 4

the area of chemistry that deals with applying thermodynamic principles to energy changes in chemical reactions

Answer 4

chemical thermodynamics

Question 5

difficult to clearly define but is often considered the ability to do work

Answer 5

energy

Question 6

one of the most fundamental scientific principles which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed

Answer 6

law of conservation of energy

Question 7

is energy associated with motion

Answer 7

kinetic energy

Question 8

is energy associated with the position of an object relative to a force upon it

Answer 8

potential energy

Question 9

symbol for internal energy

Answer 9

E

Question 10

change in

Answer 10

triangle symbol

Question 11

heat

Answer 11

Q

Question 12

work

Answer 12

W

Question 13

joule

Answer 13

J

Question 14

enthalpy

Answer 14

H

Question 15

specific heat

Answer 15

c

Question 16

entropy

Answer 16

S

Question 17

Gibbs free energy

Answer 17

G

Question 18

the portion of the universe or the sample of matter being studied is the

Answer 18

system

Question 19

the remainder of the universe not being studied though could be a beaker of water or the air in a laboratory

Answer 19

surroundings

Question 20

the sum of all the possible forms of energy of all the ions, atoms, and molecules in a system

Answer 20

internal energy (E)

Question 21

internal energy is a ______________, meaning that its value is determined only by the state of the system

Answer 21

state function

Question 22

internal energy is ____________ of the path taken to reach a particular state and of the system’s history

Answer 22

independent

Question 23

the equation for change in internal energy

Answer 23

delta E= E2 - E1 or delta E= E (final) - E (initial)

Question 24

the transfer of energy between objects or systems that are in contact and are at different temperatures

Answer 24

heat (Q)

Question 25

heat flows from _____________ to _____________ temperatures

Answer 25

higher to lower

Question 26

may take several forms

in chemistry, all the energy exchanges between a system and its surroundings are either heat or _______

Answer 26

work (W)

Question 27

internal energy changes described as

Answer 27

delta E = Q (heat) + W (work)

Question 28

the mathematical statement of the first law of thermodynamics

Answer 28

delta E = Q + W

Question 29

the practical applications of the law of conservation of energy

Answer 29

first law of thermodynamics

Question 30

the SI unit of energy and energy transfer

Answer 30

joule

Question 31

the older metric unit

Answer 31

calorie

Question 32

1 cal =

Answer 32

4.184 J (exactly)

Question 33

since the joule is a small unit, we will more often use the unit

Answer 33

kilojoule