Test 2 Study Guide Part 5 Flashcards
Tendon:
Ligament:
Muscle to bone
Bone to bone
Origin:
Insertion:
Is the attachment point to the stationary bone
Is the attachment point to the bone which moves
Flexion:
Extension:
Flexion:
You flex a joint, not a muscle
Extension:
Prime mover:
- Other name:
- Meaning:
- Muscle which opposes prime mover:
- Other name: Agonist - Meaning: The muscle which does most the work in a motion. - Muscle which opposes prime mover: Antagonist
Muscle Fiber is also:
A muscle cell
Fascicle:
A collection of muscle fibers
Endomysium:
Connective tissue between muscle fibers.
Perimysium:
connective tissue between fassicles
Epimysium:
Surrounds an entire muscle
What is the plasma membrane of a muscle cell called?
Sarcolemma
What is the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle cell called?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Syncytial:
Multinucleated
Why are skeletal muscle cells syncytial?
They are formed by multiple muscle cell precursors merging together into a single cell.
What produces the striation of muscles? (skeletal)
banding, the actin myosin structure causes bands.
Where is the cell body of a motor neuron located?
Ventral horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord
Motor unit:
- Define:
- Contraction:
- Define:
A somatic neuron and all muscle fibers it innervates - Contraction:
All muscle fibers of the motor unit will contract if the somatic neuron is fired
Graded contractions:
- Define:
- Achieved by:
- Define:
Contraction where muscle strength is varied - Achieved by:
asynchronous stimulation of different motor units (allows the muscle contraction to be sustained
How is fine motor control achieved?
Motor units have less muscle fibers (23 in the eye vs 2000 muscle fibers in some leg muscling)
Recruitment:
Process by which more and more motor units are recruited (smallest to heaviest) slowly resulting in gradual ability to lift something heavy