STIMULANTS UNIT 3

Question 1

What Methylphenidate used for?

Answer 1

to treat Narcolepsy and ADHD

Question 2

What is Narcolepsy

Answer 2

Recurrent attacks of drowsiness and sleep
during normal waking activities
* Driving
* Talking
* Sleep paralysis

Question 3

What is ADHD
ATTENTION-
DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER

Answer 3

ATTENTION-
DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER
* Pathophysiology
Dysregulation of transmitters
* Serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine
* Epidemiology
Usually occurs in children before age 7 years
More common in boys
* Characteristics
Inattentiveness, inability to concentrate
Restlessness, hyperactivity, impulsivity
Inability to complete tasks, poor coordination

Question 4

Methylphenidate - What action is most associated when a pt takes Methylphenidate

A. Concentrate and be focused
B. be sleepy and distracted
C. create GI bleed
D. retain fluid

Answer 4

A. Concentrate and be focused

Question 5

Is Methylphenidate a stimulant or a depressant?

Answer 5

A stimulant

Question 6

Which of the following is an affect of Methylphenidate

A. diarrhea
B. dry mouth and eyes
C. hyperactive bowel sounds
D. pathological fractures

Answer 6

B. dry mouth and eyes

Dry mouth, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, constipation
* CNS stimulation
* Restlessness, tremors, irritability

• Tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension,
  dysrhythmias
• Anorexia which leads to weight loss in children,
  growth suppression

Question 7

The Health Care Provider has ordered Methylphenidate for a 5-year-old boy , who has signs of ADHD, As a nurse what is your next action?
A. Administer the. education and educate the patient and family that weight loss is a side effect
B. Question the doctors the order, hold the medication, Contact the HCP
C. Administer the medication only Intravenously
D. Give a nursing dose

Answer 7

B. Question the doctors the order, hold the medication, Contact the HCP

Contraindications
* Hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias
* Hyperthyroidism, anxiety
* Caution
* Kids under 6
* Cardiac disease
* Interactions
* Caffeine may increase effects
* Decreased effects of antihypertensives
* Other CNS stimulants

Question 8

What should you assess before administering Methylphenidate

Answer 8

CNS STIMULANTS -
METHYLPHENIDATE
* Assessment
* Assess vital signs to be used for future
comparison.
* Height and weight
* Medical/medication history
* Mental status

Question 9

If a patient’s BMI is 16.5 would you administer Methylphenidate?
A. Yes
B. No

Answer 9

B. No

Question 10

Nursing Interventions for Methylphenidate

Answer 10

Nursing interventions
* Monitor vital signs
* Monitor for side effects/adverse reactions
* Give before breakfast and lunch
* Record height, weight and growth of children

Question 11

Would you tech the patient to self administer Methyphenidate In the morning before breakfast and lunch ?
A. Yes
B. No

Answer 11

A. Yes

Teaching
* Teach patient to take the drug before breakfast and
lunch.
* Advise patients to avoid foods that contain caffeine.
* Teach to diet with good calorie intake
* Report irregular heartbeat.
* Avoid alcohol, caffeine.
* Do not stop abruptly; taper off to avoid withdrawal
symptoms.

Question 12

PATIENT TEACHING/EDUCATION FOR METHYPHENIDATE

Answer 12

Teaching
* Teach patient to take the drug before breakfast and
lunch.
* Advise patients to avoid foods that contain caffeine.
* Teach to diet with good calorie intake
* Report irregular heartbeat.
* Avoid alcohol, caffeine.
* Do not stop abruptly; taper off to avoid withdrawal
symptoms.

Question 13

What would indicate to the nurse that the
child taking methylphenidate requires more
teaching?
A. The child is seen drinking a cola product.
B. The child checks his weight twice a week.
C. The child takes the drug 45 minutes before a
meal.
D. The child takes the drug before breakfast and
lunch.

Answer 13

A. The child is seen drinking a cola product.

The nurse should teach the child to avoid caffeine
because of its potentiation of methylphenidate. The
child should be checked twice a week for weight
loss. The drug should be taken 30 to 45 minutes
before a meal to promote absorption. The drug
should be taken before breakfast and lunch and not
within 6 hours of sleeping.

Question 14

A child has been diagnosed with attention-
deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Which drug does the nurse
anticipate the health care provider will prescribe?
A. Zolmitriptan
B. Doxapram
C. Benzphetamine
D. Methylphenidate

Answer 14

D. Methylphenidate

Methylphenidate is most commonly used to treat
ADHD. Zolmitriptan is used to treat migraines;
doxapram is used as a respiratory stimulant, and
benzphetamine is an anorexiant

Question 15

Methylphenidate should not be taken by patients with
a history of which condition?
A. Renal failure
B. Glaucoma
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Mental depression

Answer 15

B. Glaucoma

Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is contraindicated in
patients who have a history of heart disease,
hypertension, hyperthyroidism, parkinsonism, or
glaucoma.

Question 16

A patient has been ordered a transdermal patch of
methylphenidate. The nurse teaches the family to leave
the patch on for how long?
A. 2 hours
B. 9 hours
C. 20 hours
D. 24 hours

Answer 16

B. 9 hours

Transdermal methylphenidate (Ritalin) transdermal
patches are worn for 9 hours.

Question 17

When providing teaching to a group of parents
regarding attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD), which information will the nurse include?

A. Children with ADHD have low intelligence.
B. Children with ADHD have an infection in their spinal fluid.
C. EEG results are typically normal in children with ADHD.
D. Learning disabilities are often present in the child who has ADHD.

Answer 17

D. Learning disabilities are often present in the child who has ADHD.

Intelligence is usually not affected by ADHD. The
CSF of children with ADHD is not affected. Children
with ADHD often have learning disabilities. Children
with ADHD often have abnormal EEG studies

Question 18

Modafanil

Answer 18

Treats narcolepsy (sleeping while driving or activity )