Special Senses

Question 1

Special senses include? (5)

Answer 1

vision 
taste
smell
hearing
equilibrium

Question 2

sensation

definition? depends on? ex?

Answer 2

conscious/subconscious awareness of changes in internal/external environment (think of senses)
type of sensation depends on destination of nerve impulse
ex) reflexes vs vision

Question 3

perception

definition? location?

Answer 3

conscious awareness & interpretation of sensations
occur in cerebral cortex
(hair stands up when someone approaches)

Question 4

sense receptors (2)

Answer 4

general receptors

special receptors

Question 5

general receptors

Answer 5

receptors distributed throughout body
sensory neurons
EX) Skin, organs

Question 6

special receptors

Answer 6

receptor cells in localized areas
EX) head, eyes, ears, mouth
(like taste buds, rods & cones)

Question 7

how we get sensations (4)

Answer 7

1) Stimulate a sense receptor
2) conversion of the stimulus
- energy created by stimuli converted to graded potential (electrical energy)
3) Generation of nerve impulse
- impulse travels to CNS
4) Integration of sensory input
- interpreted in cerebral cortex

Question 8

Sense receptors - LOCATION classification (3)

Answer 8

exteroceptors
interoceptors
proprioceptors

Question 9

Exteroceptors

definition? location? senses..?

Answer 9

external conditions stimuli

• located on or near surface of body
  
  • hearing (vibration), pain, pressure, vision, temp.,taste, touch, smell

Question 10

interoceptors

definition? location? ex?

Answer 10

internal conditions stimuli
-located in visceral organs, blood vessels, muscles
-not consciously felt
(help turn food you just ate)

Question 11

proprioceptors

location? senses?

Answer 11

• located in muscles, joints, tendons, inner ear, nervous system
  
  • body position, muscle tension, movement, weight discrimination

Question 12

sense receptors - STIMULUS classification (5)

Answer 12

mechanoreceptors 
thermoreceptors
nociceptors
osmoreceptrs
photoreceptors

Question 13

Mechanoreceptors

senses…? examples?

Answer 13

mechanical stimuli- deformation, stretching, or bending of cells
EX) pressure, vibration, equilibrium

Question 14

Thermoreceptors

senses..?

Answer 14

changes in temp

Question 15

Nociceptors

senses…?

Answer 15

pain from physical or chemical tissue damage

burn/poke yourself, smash finger in drawer

Question 16

Osmoreceptors

senses…?

Answer 16

osmotic pressure of body fluids (certain pressure to flow properly)

Question 17

Chemoreceptors

senses..?

Answer 17

chemicals in mouth, nose, body fluids (chemicals in food & perfume)

Question 18

Photoreceptors

senses..?

Answer 18

light strikes retina

Question 19

sensory adaptation in brain

sensory input? brains abilities? example?

Answer 19

(brains adapt to focus)
brain prioritizes sensory input
-can get ‘sense’ overload
-has ability to ignore unimportant ‘background’ stimuli
EX) playing music while reading or studying
(Autism story, ADD/ADHD cannot focus bc have problems w/ sensory overload