Blood Flashcards
Blood
description? blood cells location? called? examples? other?
fluid connective tissue cells suspended in light, fibrous matrix blood cells are FORMED ELEMENTS -red & white blood cells, platelets liquid matrix is PLASMA
blood characteristics
color? viscosity? pH? temperature? volume?
color: -scarlet (O2 rich)
-dark red (O2 poor) NOT BLUE
viscosity: -5x time that of water
pH: 7.3-7.5 (slightly basic, too low-> acidosis)
Temp: 100F
Volume: - 4-5 liters female
- 5-6 L males
functions (3)
transportation
regulation
prevents infections
transportation
carries o@, nutrients, wastes (like C02), and hormones
regulates
body temp, fluid pH, fluid volumes
prevents infections
(white blood cells)
blood cell production is called?
hematopoiesis
blood cell production (hematopoiesis)
occurs? examples (6)? blood cells come from? called?
occurs in red bone marrow
-ribs, vertebrae, sternum, pelvis, humerus, femur
all blood cells come from homatopoietic stem cells
-hemoblasts (first blood cells-> organs, development of fetus)
plasma proteins (6)
albumin globulins -alpha & beta globulins -gamma globulins clotting proteins- fibrinogen, prothrombin
albumin
known for being..? produced? function (2)?
most abundant
produced by liver
maintains plasma osmotic pressure
transports steroids
(globulins) Alpha and beta golublins
produced? function?
produced by liver
transport lipids & fat-soluble vitamins
(globulins) Gamma globulins
produced? type of?
produced by lymphatic system
type of antibody (antibodies fight infections)
Clotting proteins- fibrinogen, prothrombin
produced? function?
produced by liver
aids in blood clotting
(hemophiliacs don’t makes these, proteins-> made of amino acids)
Red blood cells aka?
erythrocytes
red blood cells (erythrocytes)
measure? shape? known for? how much in blood? function? contains? composed of (2)? job of each molecule? example and location?
7.5 mew m in distance biconcave discs lack nuclei and organelles 4-6 mill/mewL of blood FUNCTION: O2 transport, minor CO2 transport contains: hemoglobin (part of RBC) -composed of: Protein (globin) & red heme (Fe) pigments -each molecule carries 4 O2 (8 total) -oxyhemoglobin (in lungs)
name for red blood cell production
erythropoiesis
red blood cell production (erythropoiesis)
hormone involved? where released? function? what’s required for this hormone to be released? what cells are involved? RBC lifespan?
hormone: erythropoietin (EPO) controls RBC formation rate
-released by kidneys
works on negative feedback system
-low O2 content-> EPO released
vitamin B 12 & iron (Fe) required
hemocytoblasts divide and differentiate
RBC’s lifespan- 120 days (get old -> die)
red blood cell removal/ recycling # of RBC maintained by? what happens to old/damaged ones?
# of RBCs is constant & maintained by negative feedback old/damaged cells engulfed by macrophages (pac men) in spleen, liver, red bone marrow
hemoglobin (involved in red blood cell removal/ recycling)
broken down into heme & globin
-globin reduced to amino acids
-Fe removed from heme & transported to liver
-rest of heme converted to pigement- BILIRUBIN
-becomes part of bile (made in liver, stored in
gallbladder, yellow/green)
rbc (erythrocytes) known for?
lack of nuclei and organelles (BUT STILL CONSIDERED CELLS)