Circulatory System Review Flashcards
the vessels carrying blood to & from the lungs are called the ____ loop of the circulatory system
pulmonary
the vessels carrying blood to and from tissues of the body (other than the lungs) are called the ____ loops of the circulatory system
systemic
in the capillaries of the lungs, the blood is exposed to ____
oxygen
usually blood draining from capillaries passes through (arteries/veins) directly back to the (heart/lung)
veins, heart
the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the veins are the right and left ____
atria
in the systemic loop, blood drains back to the heart from the (systemic veins/pulmonary veins) into the (right/left) atrium
systemic, right
in the pulmonary loop, blood drains back to the heart from the (systemic veins/pulmonary veins) into the (right/left) atrium
pulmonary, left
blood passes from the right atrium through the ____ valve in to the ____ ventricle
tricuspid, right
blood passes from the left atrium through the ____ valve in to the ____ ventricle
bicuspid, left
the right ventricle pumps blood into the ___ loop
pulmonary
the left ventricle pumps blood into the ____ loop
systemic
the semilunar valves are located at the beginning of the (aorta/pulmonary trunk) and at the end of the (aorta/pulmonary trunk).
pulmonary trunk, aorta
the valve btwn the right atrium and right ventricle is the ____
tricuspid
the valve btwn the left atrium and left ventricle is the ___
bicuspid
the atrioventricular valves have ______ at their free edges
chordae tendineae
the myocardium is made up of ___ musce
cardiac
the chamber of the heart w/ the thickest myocardium is the ____ ventricle
left
the outer surface of the heart is covered w/ the (parietal/visceral) pericardium.
parietal
the sinoatrial node is called the pacemaker bc it is normally the first part of the heart to ____
depolarize
the depolarization of the 5-A node causes the contraction of the (atria/ventricle)
atria
the AV node is connected to the (AV bundle/Purkinjie Fibers)
AV bundle
the AV bundle leads the depolarization into the ____ of the heart along the purkinjie fibers
ventricles
the 1st part of the ventricles to depolarize is the (apex/ventricular septum), then the (apex/ventricular septum)
Ventricular septum, apex
then the depolarization continues back toward the (papillary muscles/ purkinjie fibers)
papillary muscles
this means the ventricles contract from the (apex up, valves down)
apex up
during diastole the myocardium is relaxed. This allows blood to flow into the heart from the (systemic and pulmonary veins/arteries). the semilunar valves are ___. this means the pressure in the aorta and pulmonary arteries must be (greater/less) than that of the ventricles.
systemic and pulmonary veins
closed
greater
when the atria contract, more blood is forced into the ___
ventricles
when the ventricular myocardium begins to contract, the pressure in the ventricles (increases/decreases)
increases
the 1st effect of the rise in pressure is to cause the (AV/cuspid) valves to (close/open)
AV, close
the semilunar valves do not open until the pressure in the ventricles exceeds the pressure in the (arteries/ventricles)
arteries
the semilunar valves close when the pressure in the arteries becomes (greater/less) than that of the ventricles
greater
if the arterial blood pressure is elevated, it becomes (easier/harder) for the ventricles to eject blood
harder
The layer (tunic)present in all vessels shown is the ___.
tunica interna
the tunica interna in the capillary is made of ____ tissue
epithelium
would epithelial tissue allow interchange of materials btwn the blood and the surrounding interstitial fluid?
yes
if the precapillary sphincter in the arteriole constricts, the blood flow into the capillary will (increase/decrease)
decrease
the tunica media in the aorta contains much ___ tissue
connective
the tunica media of the muscular artery is primarily composed of ___ muscle tissue
smooth
when the contraction of smooth muscle increase, the vessel’s lumen (decreases/increases)
decrease
if the contraction in the smooth muscle in arteries and arterioles increases, then arteriol blood pressure should (decrease/increase)
increase
valves in veins prevent blood from flowing back toward the ___
capillaries
