Social Psych 3 Flashcards
interpersonal attraction
liking or having the desire for a relationship with someone else
characteristics involved in attraction
physical attractiveness, proximity, similarity, reciprocity of liking
proximity
being physically near someone else
people choose friends and lovers based on availability
mere exposure effect
the more people experience something, the more they tend to like it
complementary qualities
characteristics in one person that fill a need in the otters
but still opposites don’t attract, generally overall similar with small differences
reciprocity of liking
people have a very strong tendency to like people who like them
sternberg’s three components of love
intimacy, passion, commitment
intimacy
feelings of closeness that one has for another person or the sense of having close emotional ties to another
not physical but psychological
passion
physical aspect of love
emotional and sexual arousal a person feels toward the other person
commitment
decisions one makes about a relationship
IP
romantic love
IC
companionate love
PC
fatuous love
IPC
consummate love
romantic love
intimacy and passion combined
sometimes called passionate love
basis for more lasting relationship
companionate love
intimacy and commitment
people who like each other, feel emotionally close to each other, and understand one another’s motives have made a commitment to live together, usually in a marriage
binding tie that keeps marriages together
consummate love
when all three components of love are present
ideal form of love that many people see as the ultimate goal
may evolve into companionate love when passion lessens during middle years of relationship
aggression
when one person hurts or tries to destroy another person deliberately, either with words or with physical behavior
common cause of aggression
frustration
frustration
occurs when a person is prevented from reaching some desired goal
frustration agression hypothesis
concept of aggression as a reaction to frustration
aggression causes
frustration, biological, learned bx, genetic basis, chemical influences, social roles
brain areas involved in aggressive bx
frontal lobes, amygdala, and other structures of the limbic system trigger aggressive responses
chemical aggression
testosterone increases then higher aggression
alcohol makes people more aggressive and less likely to control bx
social role
the pattern of behavior that is expected of a person who is in a particular social position
taking on a particular social role can increase aggression
media and aggression
kids who are exposed to high levels of violent media are more aggressive than kids who aren’t
video games and aggression
violent video games correlate with increased aggression levels of the kids who play them
but still not causation
prosocial behavior
socially desirable behavior that benefits others rather than brings them harm
altruism
helping someone in trouble with no expectation of reward and often without fear for one’s own safety
way of preserving genetic material
brain areas involved in altruism
temporoparietal junction (TPJ) larger in individuals who make altruistic choices, particularly in right hemisphere area also active during decision making that involved greater cost of helping individual
bystander effect
likelihood of bystander (someone observing an event and close enough to offer help) to help someone in trouble decreases as the number of bystanders increases
latané and darley
people who are with others/don’t see other people reporting smoke less likely to report it
if alone more likely to report it
diffusion of responsibility
phenomenon in which person fails to take responsibility for either action or inaction because of presence of other people who are seen to share the responsibility
form of attribution, explain why acted bc of others
five decision points in helping behavior
- noticing
- defining an emergency
- taking responsibility
- planning a course of action
- taking action
other factors that influence decision to help
more ambiguous situation = less likely to be defined as emergency
mood of bystanders = good mood help more than bad mood, help less if likely to change mood
gender (more likely to help opposite sex), more attractive helped more, if “deserve” it help less, racial and ethnic differences decrease probability of helping
social neuroscience
study of how our bodies and brains work during social behavior
TPJ
involved in prosocial bx
primates make decisions about sharing in prefrontal cortex
located where temporal and parietal lobes meet
