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AP Psych 2 > Personality 1 > Flashcards

Personality 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

personality

A

the unique way in which each individual thinks, acts, and feels throughout life

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2
Q

character

A

the value judgements made about a person’s morals or ethical behavior

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3
Q

temperament

A

the enduring characteristics with which each person is born, such as irritability or adaptability
based in biology
basis upon which larger personality built

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4
Q

personality combination of

A

temperaments, personal history of family, culture, time which person grew up

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5
Q

psychodynamic perspective

A

freud
focuses on role of unconscious mind in development of personality
heavily focused on biological causes of personality differences

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6
Q

behaviorist perspective

A

based on theories of learning
focuses on effect of environment on behavior and includes aspects of social cognitive theory in that interactions with others and personal thought processes also influence learning and personality

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7
Q

humanistic perspective

A

reaction against psychoanalytic and behaviorist

focuses on role of each person’s conscious life experiences and choices in personality development

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8
Q

trait perspective

A

concerned with end result, characteristics themselves

some but not all assume traits biologically determined

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9
Q

difference between psychodynamic, behaviorist, and humanistic and trait perspective

A

psych, bx, and human all seek to explain process that causes personality to form into unique characteristics
trait more concerned with end result

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10
Q

unconscious mind

A

part of mind hidden at all times, surfacing only in symbolic form in dreams and in some of bx people engage in without knowing why they have done so
most important determining factor in human bx and personality

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11
Q

three parts of mind freud

A

preconscious, conscious, unconscious

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12
Q

three parts of personality freud

A

id, ego, superego

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13
Q

id

A

first and most primitive part
completely unconscious, pleasure-seeking, amoral part of personality
exists at birth
contains all of basic biological drives
want needs satisfied immediately, don’t care about others,
pleasure principle

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14
Q

pleasure principle

A

desire for immediate gratification of needs with no regard for the consequences
if it feels good, do it

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15
Q

ego

A

develops to deal with reality
mostly conscious
more rational, logical, and cunning than id
reality principle
sometimes decides to deny id its desires bc consequences would be too painful/unpleasant

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16
Q

reality principle

A

need to satisfy demands of id only in ways that will not lead to negative consequences
if it feels good, do it, but only if you can get away with it

17
Q

superego

A

third and final part
moral center of personality
develops as preschool kid learns rules, customs, and expectations of society
conscience

18
Q

conscience

A

the part of the personality that makes people feel guilt when they do the wrong thing
not until this develops that kids have sense of right and wrong

19
Q

moral anxiety

A

guilt

20
Q

conflict

A

id makes demands, superego restricts demands, ego has to satisfy both
id or superego doesn’t get way, anxiety for ego
constant state of conflict results in disordered bx if too much

21
Q

psychological defense mechanisms

A

ways of dealing with anxiety through unconsciously distorting one’s perception of reality
important tool for dealing with anxiety

22
Q

psychosexual stages

A

freud
personality development occurs in a series of these
determined by developing sexuality of child
erogenous zone for age becomes important and can become source of conflicts

23
Q

erogenous zone

A

area of the body that produces pleasurable feelings

24
Q

fixation

A

conflicts that aren’t fully resolved
getting stuck to some degree in a stage of development
child grows into adult but will still carry emotional and psychological baggage from earlier fixated stage

25
Q

oral stage

A

first 18 months
erogenous zone is mouth
conflict: weaning
too soon or too late weaning = orally fixated adult personality
overindulged: too dependent and optimistic
oral needs denied: too aggressive and pessimistic

26
Q

anal stage

A

18 months to 3 years
erogenous zone is anus
conflict: toilet training
invasion of reality, stimulates development of ego
fixation: child openly refuses to go in toilet and translates into anal expulsive, or child refuse to go at all, anal retentive

27
Q

anal expulsive personality

A

someone who sees messiness as a statement of personal control and who is somewhat destructive and hostile

28
Q

anal retentive personality

A

stingy, stubborn, and excessively neat

29
Q

phallic stage

A

3 to 6 years
erogenous zone is genitals
awakening of sexual curiosity and interest in genitals
boys have castration anxiety, girls have penis envy
conflict: awakening sexual feelings of kid
oedipus and electra complex

30
Q

castration anxiety

A

boy fear of losing penis

31
Q

penis envy

A

girl desire to have penis

32
Q

oedipus complex

A

boys develop sexual attraction to mothers and jealousy of fathers, anxiety and fears that dad might cut off penis
to deal with anxiety boy repress sexual feelings for mom and identify with dad, try to be exactly like dad

33
Q

electra complex

A

girls develop sexual attraction to dad, mother is rival, result similar to boy

34
Q

result of identification oedipus/electra

A

development of superego, internalized moral values of same sex parent

35
Q

fixation phallic stage

A

if don’t have same sex parent to identify with or if opposite sex parent encourages sexual attraction
immature sexual attitude as adult
promiscuous, vain, vanity cover up for low self worth bc can’t resolve complex, promiscuous bc no identify and no form superego well
men = mama’s boys, women = look for older father figures to marry

36
Q

latency stage

A

6 years to puberty
kids push sexual feelings for opposite sex into unconscious in repression
hidden (latent) sexual feelings
kids grow and develop intellectually, physically, and socially but not sexually
boys play w boys, girls w girls

37
Q

genital stage

A

puberty on
bodies changing, sexual urges, can’t repress feelings anymore
parents not targets anymore
focus of sexual curiosity and attraction will become other adolescents, celebrities
final stage
entry into adult social and sexual bx

AP Psych 2 (56 decks)

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