SOC Chp. 12 Social Stratification

Question 1

What is the purpose of power relationships?

Answer 1

to maintain order, organize economic systems, conduct warfare, and rule over and exploit people

Question 2

What is Marxist Theory?

Answer 2

proposes the have-nots called the proletariats could overthrow the haves, called the bourgeoisie, as well as the entire capitalist economy by developing class consciousness

Question 3

What is class consciousness?

Answer 3

the organization of the working class around shared goals and recognition of a need for collective political action

Question 4

What is the major barrier to class consciousness?

Answer 4

workers in the working class don’t realize they’re being exploited and oppressed by this capitalistic model of working.

Question 5

What is anomie?

Answer 5

a lack of social norms or the breakdown of social bonds b/w an individual and society

Question 6

What is strain theory?

Answer 6

focuses on anomic conditions such as excessive individualism, social inequality, and isolation that can lead to deviance

Question 7

What is the diff b/w culture and social capital?

Answer 7

social - considerable investments people make in their society in return for economic or collective rewards
cultural capital - benefits one receives from knowledge, abilities, and skills

Question 8

What is the diff in social mobility b/w Intragenerational and Intergenerational?

Answer 8

Intragenerational - change in social status within a person’s lifetime
Intergenerational - change in social class between generations

Question 9

What is meritocracy?

Answer 9

intellectual talent and achievement that is. means for a person to dance up the social ladder

Question 10

What is the diff b/w horizontal and vertical mobility social class?

Answer 10

Horizontal movement - with the same class level
Vertical movement - movement up or down the social hierarchy

Question 11

What is Social reproduction?

Answer 11

transmission of social inequality from one generation to the next

Question 12

What is structural poverty based on?

Answer 12

the concept that they are holes in the structure of society rather than poverty due to the actions of individuals

Question 13

What is absolute poverty?

Answer 13

poverty in which people do not have enough money or resources to maintain a quality of living such s shelter, food, clothing, and water

Question 14

What is the focus of spatial inequality?

Answer 14

social stratification across territories and populations

Question 15

What is suburbanization?

Answer 15

the migration of the middle class to suburban communities

Question 16

What can suburbanization lead to?

Answer 16

urban decay

Question 17

What is social exclusion?

Answer 17

a sense. of powerlessness we individuals feel alienated from society

Question 18

What is the diff b/w ascribed and achieved status?

Answer 18

Ascribed status is involuntary and derived from clearly indefinable characteristics such as age, gender, and skin color. Achieved status is acquired through direct, individual effort