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Kaplan MCAT > ORGO Ch. 1 Nomenclature > Flashcards

ORGO Ch. 1 Nomenclature Flashcards

1
Q

What is 1, 2, 3, 4 alkane called?

A

1 - methane
2 - ethane
3 - propane
4 - butane

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2
Q

What is the diff b/w vicinal and germinal diol?

A

Diols w/OH group on the same carbs are called germinal diol, and those with OH on the adjacent carbon are vicinal.

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3
Q

What is the diff b/w ketones and aldehydes?

A

Aldehydes have C=O at the end of the carbon chain, while ketones are found in the middle

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4
Q

What are the common names of methanal, propanal, propanone, and ethanol?

A

methanal - formaldehyde
ethanal - acetaldehyde
propanal - propionaldehyde
propanone - acetone

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5
Q

What is the smallest ketone?

A

acetone

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6
Q

What is the structure of a carbonyl group?

A

C=O

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7
Q

What is the structure of a carboxylic acid?

A

OH-C=O

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8
Q

What is the highest priority functional group?

A

carboxylic acid because they are the most oxidized functional group

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9
Q

What are the common names of methanoic acid, acetic acid, and propanoic acid?

A

formic acid - methanoic acid
acetic acid - ethanoic acid
propionic - propanoic acid

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10
Q

What are the derivatives of carboxylic acid?

A

ester, amide and anhyride

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11
Q

What is the structure of an ester?

A

R-O-C=O

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12
Q

What is the structure of an Amide?

A

NH2-C=O

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13
Q

What is the structure of an anhydride?

A

O=C-O-C=O

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14
Q

What are the suffixes and prefixes of alcohols?

A

suffix - ol
prefix - hydroxy

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15
Q

What are the suffixes and prefixes of ketones?

A

suffix - one
prefix - keto

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16
Q

What are the suffixes and prefixes of esters?

A

suffix - oate
prefix - halkoxycarbonyl

17
Q

What are the suffixes and prefixes of aldehydes?

A

suffix - al
prefix - oxo

18
Q

What are the suffixes of carboxylic acid?

A

oic acid

19
Q

What are the suffixes and prefixes of amides?

A

suffix - amide
prefix - carbamoyl or amido

20
Q

What are the suffixes of anhydrides?

A

anhydride

21
Q

What is a diol?

A

alcohol with 2 OH groups

22
Q

What is the common name for 2-propanol?

A

isopropyl alcohol

Kaplan MCAT (28 decks)

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