ORGO Ch. 1 Nomenclature Flashcards
What is 1, 2, 3, 4 alkane called?
1 - methane
2 - ethane
3 - propane
4 - butane
What is the diff b/w vicinal and germinal diol?
Diols w/OH group on the same carbon are called germinal diol, and those with OH on the adjacent carbon are vicinal.
What is the diff b/w ketones and aldehydes?
Aldehydes have C=O at the end of the carbon chain, while ketones are found in the middle
What are the common names of methanal, propanal, propanone, and ethanol?
methanal - formaldehyde
ethanal - acetaldehyde
propanal - propionaldehyde
propanone - acetone
What is the smallest ketone?
acetone
What is the structure of a carbonyl group?
C=O
What is the structure of a carboxylic acid?
OH-C=O
Ketone and alcohol together
What is the highest priority functional group?
carboxylic acid because they are the most oxidized functional group
What are the common names of methanoic acid, acetic acid, and propanoic acid?
formic acid - methanoic acid
acetic acid - ethanoic acid
propionic - propanoic acid
What are the derivatives of carboxylic acid?
ester, amide and anhyride
What is the structure of an ester?
R-O-C=O
What is the structure of an Amide?
NH2-C=O
What is the structure of an anhydride?
O=C-O-C=O
What are the suffixes and prefixes of alcohols?
suffix - ol
prefix - hydroxy
What are the suffixes and prefixes of ketones?
suffix - one
prefix - keto