PHYS Ch. 3 Thermodynamics

Question 1

What is the equation to convert Fahrenheit to Celcius?

Answer 1

F = 9/5C + 32
k = C + 273

Question 2

What is the normal temperature of the human body?

Answer 2

98.6F or 37C

Question 3

What is the freezing point of water?

Answer 3

273.15K

Question 4

What is an isolated system?

Answer 4

isolated systems are not capable of exchanging energy or matter with their surrounding, as a result, the total change in internal energy must be zero

Question 5

What is a closed system?

Answer 5

close systems are capable of exchanging energy, but not matter, with the surroundings. ex: a piston

Question 6

What is an open system?

Answer 6

open systems can exchange both matter and energy with the environment

Question 7

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 7

it states that an increase in the total internal energy of a system is caused by transferring into the system or performing work ON the system (compression). the total internal energy of a system will decrease when heat is lost from the system or work is performed BY the system (expansion)

Question 8

What is heat?

Answer 8

the process of energy transfer b/w 2 objects at diff temps and will continue until the 2 objects come into thermal equilibrium at the same temp

Question 9

What are the conversion factors of heat?

Answer 9

1 Cal = 1000 cal= 4184 J = 3.97 BTU

Question 10

What is conduction?

Answer 10

the direct transfer of energy from molecule to molecule through molecular collisions

Question 11

What is convection?

Answer 11

the transfer of heat by physical motion of a fluid over a material

Question 12

What is radiation?

Answer 12

the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves even through a vacuum

Question 13

What is specific heat?

Answer 13

the amount of heat energy required to raise 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree

Question 14

What is the specific heat of water?

Answer 14

1 cal/g*K

Question 15

What is the equation for specific heat?

Answer 15

q = mc change in T
m = mass, c = specific heat of the substance, T = temp in celsius or kelvins

Question 16

What is an isothermal system?

Answer 16

in an isothermic system, temperature is constant and There is no change in internal energy (U = 0), and thus Q = W

Question 17

What is an adiabatic system?

Answer 17

there is no exchange of heat (Q = 0), thus U = -W

Question 18

What is an isovolumeric/isochoric system?

Answer 18

there is no change in volume (W = 0), therefore no work is done (U = Q)

Question 19

What is an isobaric system?

Answer 19

pressure is constant (change in P = 0)

Question 20

What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics?

Answer 20

states that objects are in thermal equilibrium when they are at the same temperature

Question 21

What is entropy?

Answer 21

the measure of spontaneous dispersal or energy data. specific temperature
Change in S = Q/T; Q = heat that is gained or lost, and T = temperature in kelvin