Skeletal System Flashcards
Functions of skeletal system
- Protects internal organs
- Stores and releases fat
- Produces blood cells
- Stores and releases minerals
- Facilitates movement
- Supports the body
Neurocranium
Protects brain
Made of series of flat bones
Pros and cons of neurocranium
Pressure can build up in there and cause damage
But it protects the brain
Medullary cavity
Stores fats
Yellow bone marrow
Bone marrow
Nutrients rich
Last resort of calories
Has progenitor stem cells
Yellow bone marrow can turn to red bone marrow if needed
Red bone marrow
Produces red blood cells
Hematopoiesis
production of all formed elements in blood stream
Happens in ends of long bones
Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, thrombocytes
Uses of calcium
-Action potential
-Muscle contractions
-Cell signal transduction
In what form is calcium stored in bones?
Calcium phosphate
Cells good at storing calcium in bones
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Releasing calcium and phosphate into blood stream
Dense connective tissue
Outer layer of living bone
Periosteum
Thin layer of cells underneath dense connective tissue. Fibrous layer around outside of bone
Peri-
Round
-Osteum
Bone
Tendons
Connect muscles to bone
Ligaments
Connect bone to bone
Epiphysis
End of bone
Compact bone
On surface and ends of long bones. Bone is packed very close together
Spongy bone
Filled with bone marrow and trabeculae.
Types of bones
Long bones,
Flat bones,
Short bones and irregular bones
Short bones
Cube like
Where to find short bones
Carpals of wrist
Tarsals of ankle
Sesamoid bone
Round type of short bone
Patella