Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Tignor 1 > Chap 1 Week 1 > Flashcards

Chap 1 Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Ana-tomy

A

To cut apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiology

A

Nature of things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Structure you can see with naked eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sulci

A

Folds in grey matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gyri

A

Raised areas of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Longitudinal fissure

A

Split that goes down middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cerebellum important for

A

Proprioception/movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Microanatomy

A

Types of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Levels of org chemical

A

Atoms>elements>molecules>bio macromolecules>cells>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Polymers

A

Various monomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nucleic acids

A

DNA and RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Polysaccharides>glycogen

A

Starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Glycogen stored in

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glucose, fructose, galactose

A

Monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Protein unit is

A

Aminoacid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Types of proteins

A

Functional or structural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Most common protein in body is

A

Collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tissues

A

Groups of macromolecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Layers of smooth muscle

A

Circular and longitudinal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Liquid connective tissues

A

Blood and lymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Regional anatomy

A

All structures are in one region are examined at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Systemic anatomy

A

Body structures are studied system by system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Surface anatomy

A

Internal structures as they relate to overlying skin surface

Feel muscles, locate blood vessels, feel pulses and draw blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

Structures can’t be seen with naked eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Subdivisions of microscopic anatomy

A

Cytology and histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Developmental anatomy

A

Traces structural changes that occur throughout lifespan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Embryology

A

Developmental changes that occur before birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Pathological anatomy

A

Structural changes caused by disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Radiographic anatomy

A

Internal structures visualized by X ray images or special scanning procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Tools for studying anatomy

A

Observation, manipulation,
palpation (in living),
Auscultation (listening with stethoscope)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Palpation

A

Feeling organs with hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening to organ sounds with stethoscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Give example of how you can use tools of observation to study anatomy

A

You can look at the joint, seeing how parts work together,

Manipulate joint to determine range of motion,
Name parts and describe how they are related,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Neurophysiology

A

Workings of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Why does physiology focus on molecular level?

A

Because body’s abilities depend on those of individual cells. Cells abilities depend on chemical reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What a structure can do depends on (complementarity of structure and function)

A

It’s specific form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Give examples of complementarity of structure and function

A

Bones support and protect organs because the have hard mineral deposits. Blood flows in one direction in the heart because of valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Which subdivision of anatomy studies tissues of the heart?

A

Histology

40
Q

Simplest living creatures are

A

Single cells

41
Q

Tissues

A

Groups of similar cells that have a common function

42
Q

Four basic tissue types in the body

A

Epithelial
Muscle
Connective
Nervous

43
Q

Epithelial tissue role

A

Covers surface,
Lines cavities,

44
Q

Connective tissue role

A

Supports and protects organs

45
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Rapid internal communication

46
Q

Organ

A

Discrete structure made of at least two tissue types
Has specific function

47
Q

Organ system example

A

Heart and blood vessels of the cardiovascular system work together to carry oxygen and nutrients

48
Q

All organ systems of the body

A

Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Lymphatic
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive

49
Q

Highest level of organization

A

Organism
Sum of all levels working together to keep us alive

50
Q

Necessary life functions

A

Boundaries
Move
Respond to change
Take in and digest nutrients,
Carry out metabolism,
Dispose waste,
Reproduce,
Grow

51
Q

Catabolism

A

Break apart releases energy

52
Q

Anabolism

A

Put together, need energy

53
Q

Survival needs

A

Nutrients
Oxygen
Water
Normal body temperature
Appropriate atmospheric pressure

54
Q

Plant based foods are richer in, animal foods are richer in

A

Carbs
Vitamins
Minerals

Proteins and fats

55
Q

Why do we need oxygen?

A

Because most reactions that break down food require oxygen

56
Q

Most abundant chemical in the body

A

Water 50-60%

57
Q

Normal body temp

A

37 C or 98.6 F

58
Q

What happens in body temperature is too low? What if too high?

A

Metabolic reactions become slower.

Go at frantic pace

59
Q

What generates most body heat

A

Activity of muscular system

60
Q

Why do we need appropriate atmospheric pressure?

A

Gas exchange between air and lungs depends on appropriate atmospheric pressure

61
Q

Minerals & vitamins are required for

A

Chemical reactions that go on in cells

Also for oxygen transport.

Calcium makes bones hard and helps clotting

62
Q

Why do we need water?

A

Environment for chemical reactions
Base for body secretions and excretions

63
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintain relatively stable internal body conditions

Dynamic equilibrium. Nervous and endocrine most important. Needed for health

64
Q

Communication systems

A

Nervous and endocrine systems

65
Q

Variable

A

Factor or event being regulated.

66
Q

Components that regulate feedback mechanisms are

A

Receptors
Control center
Effector

67
Q

Receptors send info along which pathway

A

Afferent

68
Q

Control center

A

Set point
Determines appropriate response

69
Q

Withdrawal reflex

A

Hand moves away from
Painful stimulus like broken glass

70
Q

Positive feedback mechanisms are often called

A

Cascades
Enhancement of labor contractions during birth and blood clotting

71
Q

Homeostatic imbalance

A

Disturbance of the body’s homeostasis

More likely with age

72
Q

Parasaggital planes

A

Offset from mid line, vertical

73
Q

Coronal plane

A

Frontal plane

74
Q

Cross section

A

transverse section

75
Q

Oblique sections are between

A

Horizontal and vertical

76
Q

Parts of the dorsal body cavity

A

Cranial and vertebral

77
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Encases brain

78
Q

Meninges

A

Membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord

79
Q

Parts of ventral body cavity

A

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity

80
Q

Viscera

A

Internal organs

81
Q

Mediastinum

A

Medial cavity of thorax

82
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

Part of stomach goes through diaphragm into thoracic cavity. Stomach acid irritates the esophagus

83
Q

Membranes in the ventral body cavity

A

Visceral and parietal serosa

84
Q

Pleurisy, peritonitis

A

Inflammation of pleura,
Inflammation of peritoneum.

Serous membranes inflamed, stick together and drag across each other. Excruciating pain

85
Q

Regions of abdomen

A
86
Q

The immune system is closely associated with which system?

A

Lymphatic system

87
Q

Survival requirements include

A

Nutrients
Water
Oxygen
Appropriate temp
Appropriate atmospheric pressure

88
Q

Positive feedback mechanism

A

Effector enhances initial stimulus

89
Q

Crural

A

Relating to leg or thigh

90
Q

Olecranal

A

Behind the elbow joint

91
Q

Hallux

A

Big toe

92
Q

Sural

A

Calf

93
Q

Antecubital

A

Front surface of forearm

94
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb

95
Q

Peroneal

A

Outer side of calf

96
Q

Caudal

A

Inferior

97
Q

How are anatomy and physiology connected?

A

Anatomy is created for certain functions or physiology and physiology depends on anatomy

AP Tignor 1 (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions