2 Flashcards
90% of elements in human body
CHON
Calcium phosphate
Salt that makes bones hard
K
Dissolved electrolyte in blood plasma. Helps conduct AP
S
Helps fold proteins .
Part of cystine makes disulfur bridges
Na
Important for sending messages, nervous system function, muscle contraction.
Mg
Enzyme cofactor
What do trace element metals do
Enzyme cofactors
Give right shape.
Ex. Iron in hemoglobin helps give it the correct shape
Natrium
Sodium
Isotopes
Same number of protons, different number of neutrons
Mass of proton and neutron
1 amu
Mass of e
1/2000 amu
Atomic mass comes from
Average of all naturally occuring isotopes
I
Makes T3 & T4 needed for thyroid
Hydrolysis
Breaking bonds using water
Helps break down bio macromolecules
Release energy
Dehydration synthesis
Making molecules taking water away
Build up bio macromolecules
Rows of periodic table indicate
Orbitals
Electrons in first orbital
2
Why is C good at making bio macromolecules
Light weight
Can form 4 covalent bonds.
Columns in periodic table indicate what
Valence electrons
Protium
Most common form of H
One proton one e
Deuterium
1 proton, 1e, 1 neutron
Tritium
1 p
1e
2 n
PET scan
Can get physiological information
Most common
Fluorine isotope that is attached to glucose
Shows hotspots for rapidly dividing cells. Good for diagnosing Cancer
Octet rule
Atoms will always seek to fill their Valence shells with 8 electrons. Except for hydrogen and helium