Skeletal System Flashcards
Long bone features
Tubular, long, shaft with marrow cavity, rigid levers acted upon by muscles
Types of bones
Long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
Sesamoid bones developed
Within a tendon
Bone features
Diaphysis- shaft
Epiphysis- rounded ends of a long bone
Metaphysics- neck of long bone
Diaphysis
Shaft of bone
Epiphysis
Rounded ends of long bones
Metaphysis
Neck of long bone
Bone elevations
Linear (aka line, ridge, crest)
Large (aka process, tuberosity, trochanter, epicondyle)
Small (aka protuberance, tubercle, spine)
Bony depressions
Fossa
Small (groove, notch, sulcus)
Bony Facets
Small projections covered in cartilage
Bony forearm
Opening or holes
Meatus
Opening with no direct exit
Canal
Has an opening on both sides of the bone
What makes up skeletal system
Bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendons
Ligaments
Hold bones at joints
Tendons
Attach muscles to bones
What makes up axial skeleton
Skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, hyoid
Appendicular skeleton
Limbs
Why is the skeleton important
Structure, protection, movement, blood formation (bone marrow), mineral storage
Cortical
Outer shell of bone
Medullary cavity
Bone marrow
Periosteum
External connective tissue
Endosteum
Internal connective tissue
How many bone in kids and adults
~300 at birth, 206 as adults
Types of joints
Bony, fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
Synostosis joint
Immovable joint formed when the gap between 2 bones ossifies
Fibrous joints
Joints united by fibrous tissue
3 types of fibrous joints
Gomphoses, syndesmosis, sutures
Cartilaginous joints joined by cartilage, the 2 types?
Synchondrosis and symphysis
Synchondrosis cartilaginous joint
Bound by cartilage
Symphysis cartilaginous joint
Joined by fibrocartilage
Synovial joints provide
Free movement
Types of synovial joints
Pivot, ball and socket, condyloid, Palme, hinge, saddle
Synovial joints have
Joint capsule Joint cavity Synovial fluid Articulate ….. …..
