Infection Introduction Flashcards
In high income countries what infections are low/
Acute, community onset infections are low but healthcare associated infections occur and there is a high rate of antibiotic resistance to gram negative bacteria
What does altered micro biome cause
Obesity, IBD, liver disease (not important)
What is Kochs postulates
Micro organisms always associated with the disease which can be isolated
What are the types of microorganisms
Viruses, prokaryotes like bacteria archaea, eukaryotes like fungi and protists
What do you microbes have
A Boundry (cell wall), A cytoplasm with proteins lipids and organelles etc and transport requirements (take nutrients in and out)
How do you name microbes
By taxonomy, in italics, genus is stated first then species
What is different about prokaryotes
They have no membrane-bound organelles and can divide quickly
What is protozoa
Spread between humans and animals e.g. Malaria
What is helminths
Major tropical and zoonotic diseases
What Is the name for a a round bacteria
Coccus
Gram-positive have
A dense cell wall consisting of peptidoglycan and stain a purple/blue colour
What do you gram negative bacteria have
A thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane and it stains a pink colour
Steps of staining
Dry on glass plate
Stain with crystal violet and set with iodine
Decolourise with alcohol
Counterstain with safarin (pink colour)
Use sterile technique e.g. Bunsen burner and alcohol
Bacteria grow in
Clusters or chains
What bacteria grow in clusters
Gram-positive cocci 
