Microscopic Anatomy

Question 1

Histology

Answer 1

Study of tissues

Question 2

Ectoderm

Answer 2

Outer most layer- hair, nails, skin

Question 3

Mesoderm

Answer 3

Middle layer- Circulatory system, lungs, musculoskeletal

Question 4

Endoderm

Answer 4

Innermost layer – digestive system, glands

Question 5

What does epithelial tissue have

Answer 5

Cells, basement membrane, avescular (has no blood vessels)

Question 6

Epithelial tissue function

Answer 6

Filtration, absorption, secretion, protection

Question 7

Epithelial tissue specialisations

Answer 7

Cell junctions, Cilia, glands

Question 8

What is the epithelial lining split into

Answer 8

Complex and simple

Question 9

What are complex epithelium linings

Answer 9

Stratified, pseudostratified, transitional

Question 10

What are the simple epithelium linings

Answer 10

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 11

How are epithelium names given

Answer 11

Name the top layer of cells

Question 12

What do you cell junctions have

Answer 12

Gap junctions, tight junctions, anchoring junctions

Question 13

What is in a protective layer

Answer 13

Cilia, microvilli, keratin

Question 14

What type of glands are there in the epithelial cells

Answer 14

Exocrine gland- via ducts (eg. sweat saliva and breastmilk)

Endocrine gland- ductless and secretes directly into the blood eg. thyroid, pituitary

Question 15

What do glands do

Answer 15

Secrete mucus

Question 16

What is autophagy

Answer 16

It’s an immune reaction which protects babies from infection

Question 17

Autophagy disorders

Answer 17

Lysosomal disorders, heart disorders, cancer and autoimmune diseases

Question 18

What does connective-tissue have

Answer 18

Cells, fibres, ground substance

Question 19

Connective tissue function

Answer 19

Bind cells and organs together, provide strength stability and repair

Question 20

Loose Areola connective tissue

Answer 20

Binds tissues to one another, for protection and nourishment. They are beneath the skin around the vessels

Question 21

What is Adipose

Answer 21

That cells in ground substance

Question 22

What is Adipose function

Answer 22

Empty space in the body, fat stores, kidney cushioning

Question 23

What is reticular

Answer 23

Delicate fibres in internal organs eg liver and spleen

Question 24

Dense and regular connective tissue

Answer 24

They are strong and flexible Eg tendons and ligaments

Question 25

Dense and irregular connective tissue is

Answer 25

Often Scar tissue and is strong anchorage and support

Question 26

Elastic connective tissue does what

Answer 26

Stretch, recoil, gives elasticity to tissues

Question 27

What does Cartilage have

Answer 27

Cells, fibres, ground substances

Question 28

Types of cartilage

Answer 28

Hyaline, fibro, elastic

Question 29

Bone has … which makes it

Answer 29

Modified connective tissue which makes it compact, trabecular bone

Question 30

What does blood have

Answer 30

Fluid ground substance, cells, fibres

Question 31

Squamous cells location and function

Answer 31

In the heart, lungs, blood vessels (endothelium), membranes (mesothelium). The function are for diffusion, filtration, secretion

Question 32

Cuboidal cells location and function

Answer 32

In the glands and kidney tubules. They are for secretion and absorption

Question 33

Columnar cells function and location

Answer 33

In the gastrointestinal tract and uterine tubes. The function is for absorption and secretion

Question 34

Simple cell subtypes

Answer 34

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 35

Stratified cell subtypes

Answer 35

Squamous that are both keratinised and nonkeratinise- found in the skin mouth and vagina and protects against injury

Question 36

Transitional sells location and function

Answer 36

Urinary system so the bladder and Urethra. It allows stretching of the lining

Question 37

Pseudostratified cells subtypes, location and function

Answer 37

Ciliated are found in the trachea and most of the respiratory tract. They help propel mucus and particles