Commensalism & Pathogenesis Flashcards
How are infections classified
By the causative agent or symptoms
The chain of infection
Susceptible host, causative agent, reservoir, portal Of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry and back to susceptible host
The causative agent can be a microorganism that is
Endogenous infection which is inside or exogenous infection (outside)
Examples of reservoir in the chain of infection
Environment, animals, humans, soil
Portal of exit examples
Cough/sneeze, sweat, saliva, mucus, vomit, faeces, blood, skin contact, sexual contact, spores, urine, tears, bodily fluids
Portal of exit through the
Nose, mouth, mammory glands, vagina, urethra, ears, eyes, broken skin, skin, anus, seminal vesicles
Mode of transmission examples
Foamities, airborne droplets, direct skin to skin contact/blood, indirect – vectors, contact transmission, droplet, ingestion, inoculation, transplacental
What is foamities
Getting a disease from an object by touch
What is transplacental transmission
From placenta to fetus
Portal of entry examples
Respiratory tract and GI tract
What makes you are more susceptible host
Immuno compromised, age, nutrition, social economic factors, open wounds, invasive procedures, already infected
Why are hospital patients more susceptible to infections
Because they are already ill, Have more exposure, more infections micro organisms, immunosuppressives drugs, surgery and invasive procedures
How do you break the chain of infection
Identify micro organism, disinfect and sterilise, check employer health e.g. their vaccines, clean hospital, masks, aseptic technique, gloves for handling waste, single patient room, PPE, maintain skin and personal hygiene and diet and fluids
What do you use for droplet precautions
Masks
What do use for airborne precautions
General masks don’t work so they use NP5 masks
