Sight pathology

Question 1

Astigmatism

Answer 1

Defective curvature of the cornea or lens of eye, causing desorted image

Question 2

Hyperopia (hypermetropia)

Answer 2

Farsidedness ; eyeball too short front to back or the fractive power of the lens is too weak

Question 3

Myopia

Answer 3

Nearsightedness ; eyeball too long front ot back

Question 4

Presbyopia

Answer 4

Impairment of vision as a result of old age; loss of elasticity of the ciliary body

Question 5

Chalazion

Answer 5

smallhard cystic mass (granuloma) on eyelid ; result of chronic inflammation to sebaceous gland

Question 5

Minimally Invasive glaucoma Surgery (MIGS)

Answer 5

procedure that try to creat a pathway for fluid to drain

Question 5

Cataract

Answer 5

Clouding of lens, causing decreased vision ; degenerative eue disease (protein in the Lens aggregates and clouds vision)

Question 6

Glaucoma

Answer 6

Increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision

Question 6

Trabeculoplasty

Answer 6

laser therapy for chronic open angle glaucoma causes scaring in the drainage angle improving aqueous humor out flow and reducing intraocular pressure
**Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty (ALT)
**Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT)

Question 7

Hordeolum (stye or sty)

Answer 7

Localized, purulent inflammatory, staphylococcal infection of a sebaceous oil-producing gland in the eyelid

Question 8

Macular Degenerative

Answer 8

Progressive damage to the macula of the retina, leading cause of blindness in elderly; can occure both dry or wet. curretnly no treatment for dry form

Question 9

Nystagmus

Answer 9

Repetitive rythmic movements of one or both eyes. Brain tumors of inner ears may cause

Question 10

Retina detachment

Answer 10

Two layers of the retina separate

Question 11

Strabismus

Answer 11

Abnormal deviation of the eye

Question 12

Esotropia

Answer 12

one eye turns inward; cross eyed

Question 13

Exotropia

Answer 13

one eye turns outward; wall-eyed

Question 14

Hypotropia

Answer 14

downward deviation of one eye

Question 15

Hypertropia

Answer 15

Upward deviation of one eye

Question 16

Amblyopia

Answer 16

Partial loss of vision from “lazy eye”

Question 17

Diplopia

Answer 17

Double vision

Question 18

Ophthalmoscopy

Answer 18

Visual examination of the interior of the eye

Question 19

Flurorescein Angiography

Answer 19

Intravenous injection of fluorescein (a dye) followed by serial photographs of the retina through dialted pupils

Question 20

Optical Coherence Tomography

Answer 20

Noninvasive imaging technique using light waves to take cross-sectional pictures of the retina

Question 21

Slit Lamp Microscopy

Answer 21

Examination of anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification

Question 22

Visual acuity test

Answer 22

Clarity of vision is assessed

Question 23

Visual feild test

Answer 23

Measurement of entire scope of vision (peripheral and central)

Question 24

Enucleation

Answer 24

removal of entire eyeball

Question 25

Keratoplasty

Answer 25

Surgical repair of Cornea

Question 26

Laser photocoagulation

Answer 26

Intense, percisely focused light bean (argon laser) creats an inflammatory reaction that seals retinak tears and leaky retinal blood vessels

Question 27

LASIK

Answer 27

Use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction (myopia, hyperopia, astimatism)

Question 28

Phacoemulsification

Answer 28

Cataract removal surgery in which ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens; the pieces are then aspirated through the ultrasonic probe

Question 29

Scleral Buckle

Answer 29

Suture of a silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina

Question 30

Pneumatic retinopexy

Answer 30

gas bubble is injected into the middle of eye and tears is sealed with a freezing probe or laser beam

Question 31

Vitrectomy

Answer 31

removal of the vitreous humor