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MT, Anatomy & Physiology > Blood System Vocab > Flashcards

Blood System Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Albumin

A

Major protein in the blood; maintains proper amount of water in the blood

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2
Q

Antibody (AB)

A

Specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens
** an antibody is specific to the antigen it activates

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3
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign substance or toxin that stimulates the production of an antibody

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4
Q

Basophil

A

White Blood Cell containing granules that stain blue (with basic dye) associated with release of histamine and heparin

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5
Q

Bilirubin

A

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

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6
Q

Coagulation

A

blood clotting

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7
Q

Colony-Stimulating Factor (CSF)

A

Protein factor that stimulates the growth and differentiation of developing blood cells . examples are granulocyte CSF, erythropoitein and thrombopoitein

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8
Q

Differentiation

A

chance in the structure anf function of a cell as it matures; specialization.

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9
Q

Electrophoresis

A

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge and size

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10
Q

Eosinophil

A

White Blood Cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reaction

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11
Q

Erythroblast

A

Immature Red Blood Cell

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12
Q

Erthrocyte

A

Red Blood Cell - 5 million per micrometer or cubic meter (mm3) of blood

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13
Q

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A

Hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood celll formation

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14
Q

Fibrin

A

Protein that forms the basis of a blood cloth

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15
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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16
Q

Globulin

A

Plasma protein: alpha, beta and gamma (immune) globulins are examples

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17
Q

Granulocyte

A

White blood cell with cytoplasmic granules: eosinophil, neutrophil and basophil

18
Q

Hematopoietic stem cell

A

Cell in the bone marrow thst gives rise to all types of blood cells

19
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Blood Protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

20
Q

Heparin

A

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

21
Q

Immune reaction

A

response of the immune system to foreign invasion.

22
Q

Immunoglobin

A

protein(a globulin) with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA,IgE, IgD
**Immun/o means protection

23
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cell

24
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Mononuclear Leukocyte that produces antibodies to fight disease

25
Q

Macrophage

A

Monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. As a phagocyte, it engulfs Foreign material and debris. In the liver, spleen and bone marrow.
** Macrophages destroy worn -out red blood cells and also engulf bacteria and other harmful organisms.

26
Q

Mononuclear

A

Pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

26
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow.

27
Q

Monocyte

A

Leukocyte with one large nucleus. It is a cell that engulfs foreign material and debris. Monocytes become Macrophages as they leave blood and enter body tissues.

28
Q

Myeloblast

A

Immature bone marrow cell that gives rise to granulocytes

29
Q

Neutrophil

A

Granulocytic Leukocyte formed in bone marrow. It is a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell also called a Polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

30
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid portion of the blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, wastes, lipids, hormones and vitamins .

31
Q

Plasmapheresis

A

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood. Collected Cells are retransfused back into the donor. Fresh- Frozen plasma or salts solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma.

32
Q

Platelet

A

Small Blood Cell fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin blood clotting process

33
Q

Polymorphonuclear

A

Pertaining to white blood cells with multilobed nucleus;neutrophil

34
Q

Polythrombin

A

Plasma Protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

35
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Immature erthyrocyte. A network (reticulum) of strands is seen after staining the cell with special dyes.

36
Q

Serum

A

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. clear yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. It is fromed from plasma, but does not contain protein-coagulation factors.

36
Q

Rh Factor

A

Antigen on red blood cells of Rh-positive individules. the factor was first identified in the blood of a rhesus-monkey

37
Q

Stem Cell

A

Unspecilized cell that gives rise to mature, specilized forms. A hematopoietic stem cell is the progenitor for all different types of blood cells

38
Q

Thrombin

A

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation.

39
Q

Thrombocyte

A

Platelet

MT, Anatomy & Physiology (62 decks)

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