Blood System Vocab

Question 1

Albumin

Answer 1

Major protein in the blood; maintains proper amount of water in the blood

Question 2

Antibody (AB)

Answer 2

Specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens
** an antibody is specific to the antigen it activates

Question 3

Antigen

Answer 3

Foreign substance or toxin that stimulates the production of an antibody

Question 4

Basophil

Answer 4

White Blood Cell containing granules that stain blue (with basic dye) associated with release of histamine and heparin

Question 5

Bilirubin

Answer 5

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

Question 6

Coagulation

Answer 6

blood clotting

Question 7

Colony-Stimulating Factor (CSF)

Answer 7

Protein factor that stimulates the growth and differentiation of developing blood cells . examples are granulocyte CSF, erythropoitein and thrombopoitein

Question 8

Differentiation

Answer 8

chance in the structure anf function of a cell as it matures; specialization.

Question 9

Electrophoresis

Answer 9

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge and size

Question 10

Eosinophil

Answer 10

White Blood Cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reaction

Question 11

Erythroblast

Answer 11

Immature Red Blood Cell

Question 12

Erthrocyte

Answer 12

Red Blood Cell - 5 million per micrometer or cubic meter (mm3) of blood

Question 13

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 13

Hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood celll formation

Question 14

Fibrin

Answer 14

Protein that forms the basis of a blood cloth

Question 15

Fibrinogen

Answer 15

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 16

Globulin

Answer 16

Plasma protein: alpha, beta and gamma (immune) globulins are examples

Question 17

Granulocyte

Answer 17

White blood cell with cytoplasmic granules: eosinophil, neutrophil and basophil

Question 18

Hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 18

Cell in the bone marrow thst gives rise to all types of blood cells

Question 19

Hemoglobin

Answer 19

Blood Protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

Question 20

Heparin

Answer 20

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 21

Immune reaction

Answer 21

response of the immune system to foreign invasion.

Question 22

Immunoglobin

Answer 22

protein(a globulin) with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA,IgE, IgD
**Immun/o means protection

Question 23

Leukocyte

Answer 23

White blood cell

Question 24

Lymphocyte

Answer 24

Mononuclear Leukocyte that produces antibodies to fight disease

Question 25

Macrophage

Answer 25

Monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. As a phagocyte, it engulfs Foreign material and debris. In the liver, spleen and bone marrow. ** Macrophages destroy worn -out red blood cells and also engulf bacteria and other harmful organisms.

Question 26

Mononuclear

Answer 26

Pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

Question 26

Megakaryocyte

Answer 26

Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow.

Question 27

Monocyte

Answer 27

Leukocyte with one large nucleus. It is a cell that engulfs foreign material and debris. Monocytes become Macrophages as they leave blood and enter body tissues.

Question 28

Myeloblast

Answer 28

Immature bone marrow cell that gives rise to granulocytes

Question 29

Neutrophil

Answer 29

Granulocytic Leukocyte formed in bone marrow. It is a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell also called a Polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

Question 30

Plasma

Answer 30

Liquid portion of the blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, wastes, lipids, hormones and vitamins .

Question 31

Plasmapheresis

Answer 31

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood. Collected Cells are retransfused back into the donor. Fresh- Frozen plasma or salts solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma.

Question 32

Platelet

Answer 32

Small Blood Cell fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin blood clotting process

Question 33

Polymorphonuclear

Answer 33

Pertaining to white blood cells with multilobed nucleus;neutrophil

Question 34

Polythrombin

Answer 34

Plasma Protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 35

Reticulocyte

Answer 35

Immature erthyrocyte. A network (reticulum) of strands is seen after staining the cell with special dyes.

Question 36

Serum

Answer 36

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. clear yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. It is fromed from plasma, but does not contain protein-coagulation factors.

Question 36

Rh Factor

Answer 36

Antigen on red blood cells of Rh-positive individules. the factor was first identified in the blood of a rhesus-monkey

Question 37

Stem Cell

Answer 37

Unspecilized cell that gives rise to mature, specilized forms. A hematopoietic stem cell is the progenitor for all different types of blood cells

Question 38

Thrombin

Answer 38

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation.

Question 39

Thrombocyte

Answer 39

Platelet