Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MT, Anatomy & Physiology > Pathology Conditions Treatment > Flashcards

Pathology Conditions Treatment Flashcards

1
Q

Arrhtythmias

A

Abnormal Heart Rhythms (Dysrhythmias) - **Implantation of artificial cardiac pacemaker over comes Arrtythmias and keeps heart beatinf at proper rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bradycardia & heart block (atrioventricular)

A

a type of Arrythmias - Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

RBBB
LBBB

A

Right Bundle Branch Block
Left Bundle Branch Block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Flutter

A

Rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria, heart beat may reach 300 beats per minute. **Treatment such as medication, electrical cardioversion, catheter ablation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Electrical Cardioversion

A

Electric Cardioversion uses a Machine and sensors to deliver low quick, low energy shocks to the chest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Catheter Ablation

A

This procedure Guides a tube into heart to destroy small areas of tissue that may be causing your abnormal heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fibrillation

A

Very Rapid, Random, inefficient and irregular contractions of the heart (350 beats or more per min)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A

AF - is the most common type , Affectong 5-10% of 70-80yr olds electrical impluses are moved randomly throughtout the atria, causing atria to quiver instead of contracting in a coodinating rhythm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Papitations

A

Uncomfortable sensations in the chest from missed heartbeats caused by Fibrillations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Paroxysmal AF

A

Irregular heart beats occur periodically and episodically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Permanent or Persistant AF

A

Irregular heartbeats continues indefinitely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Anticoaguluants

A

Blood thinner such as warfarin reduce the risk of stroke caused by AF -Atrial fibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Watchman device

A

A new mechanical approach to prevent clots from leaving the heart, uses a catheter-based technique to place a plug-like device in the LAA( Left Atrial Appendage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Left Atrial Appendage closure (LAAC)

A

Blocks the LAA so that clots dont leave the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

VF - Ventrical Fibrillation

A

Electrical impulses move randomly throughout the ventricles - this is life threatening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cardiac Arrest

A

Sudden stopping of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Defibrillation

A

Application of electric shock to heart with a Defibrilator, stops heart electricity for brief moment so normal rhythm can take over again

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Catheter Ablation

A

is a minimally invasive treatment to treat cardiac arrhythmias, the technique using radiofrequencyenergy or extreme cold(cryoablation) to detroy tissue causing arrythmias.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Congenital heart disease

A

Abnormalities in the heart at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Coarction of the aorta (CoA)

A

Narrowing (Coarction) of the aorta.
A type of Abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

A

Passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth.
** Treatment includes a drug (indomethacin) tp promote closure; surgery via catheterization (with coil embolization to plug the ductus); and Ligation(tying off) throught small incision between ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Septal Defects

A

Small holes in wall between the artia (atrial Sseptal defects) or the ventricular a septal defect.
**open heart surgery treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Tetraology of Fallot (fat-LO)

A

Congentital Malformation involving four (tetra-) Distinct Heart defect
** treatment includes patch closure of the ventricles septal defect and removing obstruction to the outflow at the pulmonary artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the Four Tetraology of Fallot

A
  • Pulmonary Artery Stenosis
  • Ventricular septal defect
  • Shift of the aorta to the right
  • Hypertrophy of the right ventricle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

A

Heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Two Types of CHF

A

HFrEF - Heart Failure with reduce Ejection Fraction
HFpEF - Heat failure with preserved Ejection Fraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Fuild accumulation in lungs and swelling
**Pitting edema Apply preassure and indentation

28
Q

LVAD - Left Ventricle Assist Device

A

is a booster pump implanted in the abdomen, with a cannula(tube) inserted into the left ventricle.

29
Q

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

A

Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart.

30
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

the deposition of fatty compounds on the inner lining of the coronary arteries , becomes roughened as the atherosclerotic plaque collects in the artery

31
Q

Thrombotic Occlusion

A

Blocking of the coronary artery by a clot

32
Q

Ischemia

A

decreased blood flow

33
Q

Nercrosis

A

death

34
Q

Myocardial Infraction

A

Heart attack, caused by decrease or complete cessation of blood flow to a portion of the myocardium.

35
Q

Infarct

A

Death of myocardial tissue, is usually replaced by scar tissue.

36
Q

Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACSs)

A

are conditions caused by myocaridal ischemia (decrease of blood)

37
Q

Unstable Angina

A

A condition which the heart doesnt get enough blood flow or oxygen

38
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

drug for Acute attacks of angina is given sublingually (under tongue)

39
Q

Nitrates

A

a Vasodilator that increases coronary blood flow and lowers blood pressure

40
Q

Beta Blockers

A

drug to reduce the force and speed of the heartbeat and lower blood pressure

41
Q

ACE Inhibitors

A

drug to reduce high blood pressure and the risk of future heart attacks

42
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers

A

drug to relax muscles in the blood vessels

43
Q

Statins

A

drug to lower cholesterol levels

44
Q

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

A

open heart surgery bypassing clogged arteries with Saphenous vein grafts (from large superficial vein in leg) or arterial grafts (from the breast arteries or radical artery)

45
Q

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

A

catheterization eith balloons or stents to open clogged coronary arteries.

46
Q

Endocarditis

A

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

47
Q

Hypertensive Heart Disease

A

High blood pressure affecting the heart.

48
Q

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)

A

Improper Closure of the mitral valve

49
Q

Murmur

A

Extra heart sound, heard between normal deats

50
Q

Pericarditis

A

imflamation of the membrane surrounding the heart

51
Q

Pericardial Friction rub

A

a grating, to-and-fro sound produced by friction of the heart against the pericardium

52
Q

Cardiac Tamponade

A

Compression of the heart caused by collection of fluid in the pericardial cavity - cure anti inflammatory drugs

53
Q

Rheumatric Heart Disease

A

Heart Disease Caused by rheumatic fever

54
Q

Mitral Stenosis

A

a form of valvular heart disease characterized by the narrowing of the mitral valve orifice

55
Q

Aneurysm

A

Local widening of an aterial wall, common in aorta, treatmetn depends on the vessel involved

56
Q

AAA - Abmornal Aortic Aneurysm

A

is an enlarged area in the lower part of the body’s main artery, called the aorta.

57
Q

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

A

Blood clot forms in large vein usually in lower limb, may result in pulmonary embolism. (clot that travels to the lung)

58
Q

Hypertension (HTN)

A

High blood pressure, secondary hypertension is high blood pressure that’s caused by another medical condition

59
Q

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

A

Blockage Of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs
any artery can be effected

60
Q

Carotid

A

Neck artery

61
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh artery

62
Q

Popliteal

A

Back of knee artery

63
Q

Intermitten Claudication

A

Absence of pain or discomfort in a leg at rest but pain and tension after walking has begun

64
Q

Raynauds

A

Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis (blueish) primarily in fingers and toes

65
Q

Vericose veins

A

abnormally swollen and twisted veins Usually occuring in legs.

66
Q

biventricular pacemaker

A

allows both (bi-) ventricles to beat together so that more blood is pumped out of the heart.

MT, Anatomy & Physiology (104 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions