L & I Pathology

Question 1

SCID - Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease

Answer 1

Affected infants are born with a deficiency of B and T Cells resulting in a lack of immunity

Question 2

Candidiasis

Answer 2

Yeast like fungus(candidia) normally present in the mouth, skin, intestinal track and vagina, overgrows, causing infection of the mouth(thrush) respiratory tract and skin

Question 3

Crytococcal Infection (crypto)

Answer 3

Yeast like fungus (Crytococcus) causes lung, brain, and blood infections pathogen found in pigeon droppings and nesting, air, water, soil

Question 4

Cryptosporidosis

Answer 4

Parasitic infection of gastro tract, brain and spinal cord. Pathogen Cryptospordium is one celled organism commonly found in farm animals

Question 5

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection

Answer 5

virus causes enteritisand retinitis(inflammation of the retina at eh back of the eye) found in saliva, semen cervical secretions, urine, feces, blood, breast milk and ususally only causes disease if immune system is compromised

Question 6

Histoplasmosis (Histo)

Answer 6

Fungal infection caused by inhalation of dust contaminated with histoplasma capsluatum - causes fever, chills, and lung infection. pathogen found in bird and bat droppings

Question 7

Mycobacterium Avium Intreacellulare (MAI) complex infection

Answer 7

bacterial disease manifesting with fever,malaise night sweats anorexia diarrhea, weight lose lung and blood infection

Question 8

Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)

Answer 8

one celled organism causes lung infection, with fever cough and chest pain. Pathogen is found in the air, water and soil carried by animals. infection is treated with trimethoprim -sulfamthoxazole (Bactrim)a combination of several anitbiotics or pentadime

Question 9

Toxoplasmosis (Toxo)

Answer 9

parasitic infection involving the central nervous system (CNS) and causing fever, chills, visual disturbance, confusion hemiparese(slight prarlysis to half body) seizures. pathogen toxoplasma is aquired by eating uncooked lamb pork unpasturized dairy or raw eggs and vegs

Question 10

TB- tuberculosis

Answer 10

Bacterial disease involving lungs brain and other organs. signs and symptoms are fever loss of weight anorexia and blood sputum

Question 11

AIDS - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Answer 11

Group of clinical signs and symptoms associated with suppression of the immune system and marked by opportunist infection, secondary neoplasms and neurologic problems.

Question 12

Allergy

Answer 12

Abnomally hypersensitivity aquired by exposure to an antigen

Question 13

Lymphoma

Answer 13

Malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymth tissue

Question 14

Multiple Myeloma

Answer 14

Malignant tumor of bone marrow cells

Question 15

thymoma

Answer 15

tumor of thr thymus glands

Question 16

CD4+ cell count

Answer 16

measures the number of CD4 cells +T cells (helper T cells) in the blood stream of patients with AIDS

Question 17

Immunoelectrophoresis

Answer 17

test that separates immunoglobulin - this procedure detecks the presence of abnormal levels of antibodies in patients with conditions such as multiple myeloma and waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

Question 18

Viral load test

Answer 18

Measurement of the amount of AIDS virus (HIV) bloodstream