Respiratory Pathology

Question 1

Ausculation

Answer 1

Listening to sounds within the body

Question 2

Percussions

Answer 2

Tapping on the surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure

Question 3

Plerual Rub

Answer 3

Scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each Raother

Question 4

Rales (crackles)

Answer 4

Fine Crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli.

Question 5

Rhonchi (rhonchus)

Answer 5

Loud rumbling sound heard in auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum

Question 6

Sputum

Answer 6

Material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting

Question 7

Stridor

Answer 7

Strained, high pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx

Question 8

Wheezes

Answer 8

Continuous high-pitched Whistleing sounds produced during breathing

Question 9

Croup

Answer 9

Acute viral infection of infants with obstruction of the larygnx, accompanied with barking cough and stridor

Question 10

Diphtheria

Answer 10

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium (Corynebacterium)

Question 11

Epistaxis

Answer 11

Nosebleed

Question 12

Pertussis

Answer 12

Whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of thr pharynx, larynx and trachea caused by bordetella pertussis

Question 13

Asthma

Answer 13

Chronic inflammation disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial and bronchiolar edema and contruction

Question 14

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 14

Inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type Chronic Obstructive Pulomary Disease(COPD)

Question 15

Bronchiectasis

Answer 15

Chronic diation of a bronchus, usually secondary to infection

Question 16

Atelectasis

Answer 16

collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

Question 17

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Answer 17

Inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick Mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally

Question 18

Emphysema

Answer 18

Hyperinflation of the air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

Question 19

Lung cancer

Answer 19

Malignant tumor arising from lungs and bronchi

Question 20

Pneumoconiosis

Answer 20

Abnormal lung condition caused by exposure to certain dusts; with chronic inflammation, infection and bronchitis
*Anthracosis - Coal (athrac/o)
*Asbestosis - Absestos (absest/o)
*Silicosis - Silica (Silic/o =Rocks) or glass grinder disease

Question 21

Pneumonia

Answer 21

Acute Inflammation and infection of Alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction

Question 22

Pulmonary Abscess

Answer 22

Large Collection of pus (bacterial Infection) in the lungs

Question 23

Pulmonary adema

Answer 23

fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

Question 24

Pulmonary embolism (PE)

Answer 24

Clot or other material lodged in vessles of the lung

Question 25

Pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 25

Formation of scar tissue of the lungs

Question 26

Sacoidosis

Answer 26

Chronic inflammation disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs lymph node and other organs

Question 27

Tuberculosis (TB)

Answer 27

Infectionous disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ; Lungs usually are involved, but any organ in the body may be affected.

Question 28

Mesothelioma

Answer 28

Rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura

Question 29

Pleaural effusion

Answer 29

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleura space

Question 30

Pleurisy (Pleauritis)

Answer 30

inflammation of the pleura

Question 31

Pneumothorax

Answer 31

Collection of air in the pleural space