Seizure and antidepressant drugs pharm Flashcards
Name the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Acetazolamide
Where do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work?
Proximal tubule
Toxicity of CA inhibitors
metabolic acidosis
What do loop diuretics block?
NKCC2 pump
Where do loop diuretics work>
TAL
Name the two loop diuretics
furosemide and ethacrynic acid
Where do thiazides work?
DCT
What do thiazides block?
NCC in DCT
How does spironolactone work?
It blocks the aldosterone receptor in principal cells so that ENaC channels do not open, sodium stays in urine; can not come into cell
Where do potassium sparing diuretics work?
principal cells of the collecting tubules
How does amiloride work?
It blocks the ENaC channels and inhibits sodium influx
Where does conivapton work? How?
Collecting tubule, it blocks ADH so no AQP channels to allow water in
Name the beta 2 agonist short term relievers
Epinephrine, isoproterenol and albuterol, salmeterol/formotorol (long acting short term reliever)
Name the methylxanthine short term reliever
Theophylline (tea) - PDE inhibitor
Name the short term relievers that are M3 antagonists
Ipatropium bromide and parenteral atropine
Name the long term controller corticosteroids
Prednisone and fluticasone
Name the long term controller that is a LPI (leukotriene pathway inhibitors)
montelukast
Name the mAB used as a long term controller
Omalizumab (Xolair)
Name the three subtypes of focal seizures
Simple, complex and secondarily generalized
Name the subtypes of general seizures
-Tonic-clonic (grand-mal)
-absence (petite mal)
-drop attacks (tonic, atonic)
-clonic and myoclonic
-Infantile spasms
Phenytoin therapeutic dose
10-20 mcg/kg
Phenytoin toxic dose
30-50 mcg/ml
Phenytoin lethal dose
> 100 mcg/ml
What % of phenytoin is bound to albumin?
90%
