A&P final Flashcards
Where in the kidney do we secrete the compounds that the body needs to get rid of like organic compound transporters?
in the PCT
Why does the PCT have a really high metabolic rate?
It needs energy to reabsorb and secrete everything that it does
Which part of the loop of Henle do we have 20% of our water that was originally filtered be reabsorbed?
Thin descending limb
By the time the water that was filtered at the glomerular capillaries makes it to the end of the thin descending limb of Henle, what percent of it is reabsorbed?
~85%
2/3 + 20% = ~85
the ascending limb of the loop of Henle is relatively ______ to water
impermeable
The regulation of exactly how much water we hold on to happens where in the kidney?
The collecting duct and distal tubule
The Thick Ascending Limb is where we reabsorb what? (vague)
lots of stuff, primarily ions
What percent of the ions or electrolytes that are filtered get reabsorbed in the Thick ascending limb?
25%
2/3 of the ions/electrolytes that are filtered get reabsorbed in the PCT + 25% get reabsorbed in thick ascending limb.
Which cells decide what happens to the rest of it?
principal cells in the last part of the tubule
Where are principal cells found?
late part of distal tubule and pretty much all of the collecting duct
Water regulation in the late part of the tubular system is dependent on
How much Vasopressin/ADH floating around
Vasopressin/ADH allows us to
fine tune the amount of water we are reabsorbing
Which two portions of the tubule have a high metabolic rate?
PCT and thick ascending limb
In the distal tubule, which transporter does the heavy lifting in regards to getting Ca++ reabsorbed from the tubular lumen?
Na+/Ca++ exchanger
The secondary pumps are the Ca++ ATPase pumps
The electrochemical gradient that the Na+/Ca++ pump depends on is formed from the
Na+/K+ pump
This keeps Na+ concentrations low in the cell and bc of that Na+ wants to come into the cell from the interstitium
One of the things we can do to make the Na+/Ca++ pump spin faster is to
block Na+ entry from the tubular fluid from entering the cell
How does sodium get into the distal tubule cell?
Though a simple Na+/Cl- pump on the luminal side of the cell, then it is pumped out by the Na+/K+ pump and then brought back into the cell via the Na+/Ca++ exchanger.
If we block the Na+/Cl- pump in the distal tubule with a ________ (drug) then
thiazide diuretic
Then it should speed up the cycling of the Na+/Ca++ exchanger which would increase the amount of Ca++ that gets reabsorbed.
What kidney drug is prescribed for osteoporosis and why?
thiazide diuretic
It speeds up the Na+/Ca++ exchanger which helps them reabsorb more Ca++
if you are on a thiazide diuretic, then which supplement do you have to be mindful of?
Ca++ supplements
Prevention of kidney stones can include ____(drug). why
thiazide diuretics.
Stones are made from crystalized Ca++.
This drug is not good for removing stones that are already formed but can be good for prevention
When you think of principal cells think of
Aldosterone
The more aldosterone we have the more ____ we reabsorb
Na+
Aldosterone is a
mineralocorticoid. It helps us manage and maintain our electrolyte balance