Carbohydrates Chem Flashcards
What is the suffix for carbohydrates?
-ose
How many sugar units are in a monosaccharide? Disaccharide? Polysaccharide?
One
Two
Multiple
What are the two types of sugars?
Simple and Complex sugars
T/F Complex sugars are easy to break down.
False. Simple sugars are easily broken down while complex sugars are more difficult to break down
What carbonyl type is this sugar?
Aldose
What carbonyl type is this sugar?
Ketose
Which hydroxyl group do you look at when determining the type of stereoisomer for a carbohydrate?
The last Hydroxyl group (NOT the very BOTTOM hydroxyl, but the last hydroxyl on dash)
Are D or L type of sugars natural?
D sugars
If the last hydroxyl group is on the right side what stereoisomer is the carb?
D- sugar
If the last hydroxyl group is on the left side what stereoisomer is the carb?
L-sugar
How do you name carbohydrates?
- Determine if there’s an aldehyde (aldose) or ketone (ketose)
- Count the number of carbons
- Determine D or L
Ex: Aldotriose (D), Ketopentose (L)
What is the name of this carb? Is it D or L?
Aldohexose; D
What is the name of this carb? Is it D or L?
Ketohexose: D
What is the name of this carb? Is it D or L?
Aldopentose; D
What is the name of this carb? Is it D or L?
Aldopentose; L
What is the name of this carb? Is it D or L?
Aldohexose; D
What is the name of this carb? Is it D or L?
Aldopentose; D
What is the name of this carb? Is it D or L?
Aldopentose; L
How do you know if a carb is the alpha anomer vs. a beta anomer?
Alpha anomer = the first hydroxyl group is facing down
Beta anomer = the first hydroxyl group is facing up
What holds multiple saccharides together?
Glycosidic bond
Chitin
Cellulose
Amylose
Amylopectin
Chitin
Cellulose
Amylose
Amylopectin
