Chem test 2

Question 1

intramolecular

Answer 1

within, like covalent

Question 2

intermolecular

Answer 2

between

Question 3

which is more permanent, intramolecular or intermolecular?

Answer 3

intramolecular

Question 4

What is an intermolecular force?

Answer 4

Force of attraction that occurs between atoms, molecules, and ions d/t their proximity in space to each other

Question 5

Intermolecular forces properties:

Answer 5

• weaker than intramolecular forces
• a higher number of particles within a space leads to more interactions, but it doesn’t mean they’re stronger
• the magnitude of the charge affects the strength of the attraction
• distance between species affects the strength of the attraction
• the stronger the attractive forces between the particles, the more they resist moving or breaking apart

Question 6

What creates a partial charge?

Answer 6

electron density is not equally shared between two atoms, electrons favor the more electronegative

Question 7

What is it called when electron density is not equally shared between two atoms

Answer 7

electric dipole or dipole moment

Question 8

What is surface tension?

Answer 8

Liquids resistance to increase its surface area

Question 9

What is capillary action?

Answer 9

the spontaneous rising of a liquid in a narrow tube against the pull of gravity

Question 10

What is viscosity?

Answer 10

measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow

Question 11

Most drugs bind to receptors through molecular forces rather than formation of chemical bonds, this determines

Answer 11

efficacy, potency, and to some extent toxicity

Question 12

Changes in phases do not _______ chemical bonds, only _____ an intermolecular force

Answer 12

break
disrupt

Question 13

What makes something change shape?

Answer 13

temperature and pressure

Question 14

What does solubility depend in part on?

Answer 14

attractive forces of the solute and solvent

Question 15

substances with similar polarity will be

Answer 15

soluble or miscible
like dissolves like

Question 16

What is soluble?

Answer 16

solid in liquid

Question 17

What is miscible?

Answer 17

liquid in liquid

Question 18

What is a van der waals force?

Answer 18

interaction arising from the formation of induced dipoles between two non-polar molecules
weakest of the intermolecular forces

Question 19

What is a dipole-dipole interaction?

Answer 19

occurs in all polar molecules
relatively strong

Question 20

What is a hydrogen bonding interaction?

Answer 20

very strong, specialized dipole-dipole interaction
have H-bond donors and acceptors

Question 21

When are hydrogen bonding forces strongest?

Answer 21

When the 2 atoms bonding are Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Florine

Question 22

What is an Ion dipole interaction?

Answer 22

a very strong interaction between a full formal charge and a dipole
depends somewhat on the strength of the dipole

Question 23

What is an electrostatic interaction?

Answer 23

ionic interactions between a cationic portion and ionic portion
effective at distances father than the other types
persists longer than the other types

Question 24

Name the forces from weakest to strongest

Answer 24

van der waals
dipole-dipole
hydrogen bonding
ion-dipole
electrostatic interactions
covalent bonds