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Fall 2024 > Chem test 1 > Flashcards

Chem test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Lewis structure?

A

an empirically based method of drawing molecular structures.

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2
Q

How many electrons does 1 bond represent?

A

2

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3
Q

how many electrons does a double bond represent?

A

4

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4
Q

How many electrons does a triple bond represent?

A

6

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5
Q

What is the name of the structures used for organic chemistry?

A

Bond-Angle structures

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6
Q

What are the steps to drawing a lewis structure for an element?

A
  1. Determine number of valance electrons by writing out the orbitals
  2. draw the chemical symbol
  3. place one dot around each side of the chemical symbol
  4. any remaining electrons are paired until no electrons remain
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7
Q

How do you denote an anion in the lewis structure?

A

By adding it’s appropriate number of electrons and then adding a - sign in the subscript.
Can also put the whole structure in brackets and then add the negative sign.

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8
Q

Which are the odd elements and are happy without fulfilling the octet rule?

A

H
He
B
Al

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9
Q

Which elements can have expanded octets?

A

Elements in period 3 and higher (4,5,6, etc.)

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10
Q

What are the steps to drawing a lewis structure of a molecular compound?

A
  1. count the total number of valence electrons
  2. drawa skeletal structure (central atom + peripheral atoms + bonds)
  3. Fill octets of peripheral atoms by adding lone pair electrons
  4. Place any remaining electrons to the central atom as a lone pair
    Count all electrons to make sure you’ve used them all
  5. calculate any formal charges
  6. adjust structure to minimize formal charges
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11
Q

Which atom is your central atom?

A

The one with the lowest electronegativity

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12
Q

Can hydrogen be a central atom?

A

No, because it can only form 1 bond

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13
Q

Draw the Lewis structure for H2O

A
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14
Q

Draw the Lewis structure for CO2

A
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15
Q

Draw the Lewis structure for XeF2

A
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16
Q

Draw the Lewis structure for NO3-

A
17
Q

What does VSEPR stand for?

A

valence shell electron pair repulsion

18
Q

What is VSEPR theory

A

Based on the idea that electron groups repel one another to achieve maximum separation.

19
Q

What does AXE stand for?

A

A-Central atom
X-Peripheral atom
E- lone pair electrons

20
Q

What is the AX2 molecular geometry?

A

AX2

21
Q

What is the AX2 shape?

A

Linear

22
Q

what is the AX2 bonding angle?

A

180

23
Q

What is the molecular shape that lends to the greatest distance between electrons?

A

AX2
Linear structure

24
Q

What is the AX3 molecular geometry?

A

AX3

25
Q

What is the AX3 shape?

A

Trigonal Planar

26
Q

What is the AX3 bonding angle?

A

120

27
Q

What is the AX3 molecular geometry with a lone pair of electrons?

A

AX2E

28
Q

What is the AX2E shape

A

bent

29
Q

What is the AX2E bonding angle?

A

<120

Fall 2024 (86 decks)

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