A&P final Flashcards
Define Filtration
Movement of fluid out of a capillary
Define Reabsorption
movement of fluid into a capillary
As blood moves across or through an area of vascular resistance the pressure ______
decreases
Where do you measure BP?
proximal to resistance
In the large arteries
what is the exception to measuring bp proximal to resistance?
CVP
In the kidney you have to take in account what kind of pressure?
pre-resistance and post resistance pressures
We only have 1 aorta but we have a bunch of large arteries and those split into even more smaller arteries. As blood moves down larger and larger cross sectional areas, what does it do to blood pressure and why?
brings bp down
Mostly d/t the increase in resistance but some of it is d/t there being many pathways for the blood to choose to go down
the vast majority of the drop in bp that happens between large arteries and capillaries is d/t
the high vascular resistance in the small arteries and arterioles
Most of our vascular resistance is in our
arterioles.
Which vessels do most of our relaxing and constricting?
arterioles
Ohm’s law can be used to describe what properties?
-action potentials with membrane resistance
-blood flow
Which formula is very useful in the body?
Ohm’s law
V=IR
Where is the primary place where nutrient and waste exchange happens?
capillaries
blood flow through the capillaries is controlled by the
arterioles
which vessel has a lot of smooth muscle associated with it?
arterioles
what allows us to regulate our blood flow in our arterioles to downstream tissues ?
smooth muscle cells
what is the surface area of capillaries in the body?
500-700 square meters
small arteries are an important place where we regulate our _____
bp
how many layers of smooth muscle is lined on the small arteries and arterioles?
4?
What kinds of nutrients are delivered to the arterioles?
glucose
fats
cholesterol
Gasses: offloading oxygen & picking up CO2
name of the vascular tree?
Mohrman
How many aortas do we have?
What is the cardiac output?
what is the Cross sectional area of the aorta?
what is the total cross sectional area?
what does that tell us about velocity?
We have 1 aorta so 5L/min CO has to get through that. It only has a 2.5cm2 cross sectional area. With such a low cross sectional area through just 1 aorta that gives us a total cross sectional area of 4.5cm2.
So Velocity is high, especially when the heart is in systole
What are the large veins that return blood to the heart?
venae cavae
What is the internal diameter of the venae cavae?
Is this smaller or larger than the aorta?
3cm
larger