Sediment and urine preparation for analysis Flashcards
How much urine is ideal for analysis?
5-10mls
How long and how fast do you centrifuge the urine for?
3-6min
1000-2000 rpm
After centrifuging what do you record?
The volume and appearance of the sediment
What gets poured off?
Supernatant
How do you resuspend the urine?
Gentle flicking with finger to mix
What do you do to the microscope when looking at urine?
Partially close iris diaphragm
Adjust light down
Continuously adjust the fine knob to see the depth of objects
What may help identify cell types?
Stain
0.5% new methylene blue
What are the normal constituents of urine
Few casts Crystals Epithelial cells RBCs WBCs mucus threads sperm fat droplets
What are the abnormal constituents of urine
more than a few RBCs and WBCs Hyperplastic or neoplastic epithelial cells Casts Crystals Parasite ova Bacteria Fungus
What are the ways to quantify urine results?
Few, moderate, many TNTC
Slight, moderate, marked (for cell changes)
Scale of 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+ for bacteria and crystals
What power on the microscope do you start on?
10x
Evaluate larger elements
Casts, aggregates of cells
Reported as a low powered field (lpf)
What do you move to after the 10x?
40x
Evaluate RBCs, WBCs, bacteria, and crystals
How do you report the RBCs and WBCs?
average of 10 fields
Reported as #/high powered field (hpf)
How do you report the bacteria and crystals?
Fe, moderate, many and morphology
