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Clinical Laboratory Techniques > Class Acarina: Ticks > Flashcards

Class Acarina: Ticks Flashcards

1
Q

What is an infestation of mites and ticks called?

A

Acariasis

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of mites and ticks?

A

Blood-sucking arachnids
Dorsoventrally flattened
Head
Scutum

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3
Q

What is the head of the tick called?

A

Capitulum

It serves as an organ of cutting and attachment

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4
Q

What is the scutum?

A

Hard chitinous plate
Covers all the male’s back
Covers 1/3 of the female’s back

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5
Q

What does the scutum on the female have the ability to do?

A

Expand when she feeds

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6
Q

What is the life cycle of the tick?

A

Egg
6-legged larva
8-legged nymph
8-legged ault

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7
Q

What feeds on the dog and then drops into the environment and molts into the nymph?

A

The larva

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8
Q

What quests for another dog?

A

The nymph

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9
Q

What happens when the nymph feeds on another dog?

A

It drops into the environment to become adult

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10
Q

What does the adult tick then do?

A

It quests to find a new host

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11
Q

What does the female do after mating with the male?

A

It drops off the host to lay egss and die

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12
Q

How many hosts do most species of ticks have?

A

3 different hosts

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13
Q

How much of the life cycle do ticks spend in the environment?

A

95%

Waiting for another host

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14
Q

How long can the life cycle of ticks take?

A

6 weeks in ideal conditions (Hawaii) or up to 3 years

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15
Q

What are the two families of ticks?

A

Ixodid Ticks –> Hard ticks

Argasid Ticks –> Soft ticks

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of hard ticks?

A

Scutum

Capitulum and mouthparts visible from above

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17
Q

What are the characteristics of soft ticks?

A

Lack a scutum

Capitulum and mouthparts are not visible from above

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18
Q

Soft Ticks: Otobius megnini

A

Spinose ear tick

Found in Hawaii

19
Q

What are the characteristics of Otobius megnini?

A

Housed on livestock, dogs, and people
Live in the external ear canal
Produce waxy exudate

20
Q

What life cycle stages of the Otobius megnini are parasitic?

A

Larval

Two of the nymphal stages

21
Q

What are hard ticks important vectors of?

A

Protozoal, bacterial, viral, and rickettsial diseases

22
Q

What is toxic in some species of ticks?

A

The saliva of female ticks

Causes ascending paralysis in animals and humans

23
Q

Ixodes scapularis

A

Deer ticks

24
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus

A

Brown dog tick

25
Q

Dermacentor variabilis

A

American dog tick

26
Q

Amblyomma americanum

A

Lone star tick

27
Q

Amblyomma maculatum

A

Gulf Coast tick

28
Q

What is the host of Ixodes scapularis?

A

Larval and nymph stages = mice and voles

Adult stages = horses, dogs, deer, humans

29
Q

In what region is Ixodes scapularis found?

A

East coast to Ohio

30
Q

What rickettsial bacteria causes Lyme Disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

31
Q

What other diseases do Ixodes scapularis carry?

A

Tularemia
Babesia microti
Granulocytic ehrlichiosis

32
Q

What is the host of Rhipicephalus Sanguines tick?

A

Dog

33
Q

In what region is Rhipicephalus Sanguineus found?

A

All of North America including Hawaii

34
Q

What tick can complete its lifecycle indoors?

A

Rhipicephalus Sanguineus

35
Q

What can heavy infestations of Rhipicephalus sanguines cause

A

Severe anemia

Only the female takes a blood meal

36
Q

What is Rhipicephalus sanguines an intermediate host for?

A

Babesia canis
Ehrlicia canis
Anaplasma platys

37
Q

What happens as the Rhipicephalus sanguines tick sucks blood from the dog?

A

It regurgitates the salivary contents
It transmits diseases this way
It can happen in any life cycle stage of the tick

38
Q

How many eggs does the female tick lay?

A

3000-5000 eggs

39
Q

How long does it take for the eggs to develop into the larva

A

One week in the environment

40
Q

What is much harder to control than fleas?

A

Ticks

41
Q

What are examples of topical tick preventative for dogs?

A

Collars

Amitraz dips

42
Q

What are examples of topical tick preventatives for dogs?

A

Certifect

K9 Advantix II

43
Q

What areas should a professional exterminator focus on when taking care of ticks in the environment?

A

Shady, grassy areas

Clinical Laboratory Techniques (45 decks)

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