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Clinical Laboratory Techniques > Mites > Flashcards

Mites Flashcards

1
Q

Where do mites spend their entire life cycle?

A

The host

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2
Q

What do mites produce?

A

Dermatologic conditions

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3
Q

What is the infestation of mites called?

A

Acariasis

The condition of having mites

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4
Q

What are the clinical signs of mites?

A

Pruritis
Alopecia
Erythema

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5
Q

How do you diagnose a mite infestation?

A

Skin scraping

Cellophane tape test

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of Sarcoptiform mites?

A

Round to Oval

Pedicels

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7
Q

How do Pedicels help determine the species of mites?

A

By the length, joints, suckers, and location of anal openings

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8
Q

What are the two families of Sarcoptiform mites?

A

Sarcoptidae

Psoroptidae

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9
Q

Sarcoptidae mites

A

Burrowing mites

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10
Q

Psoroptidae mites

A

Non-burrowing mites

Ear

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11
Q

How are Sarcoptidae and Psoroptidae transmitted

A

By direct contact

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12
Q

Sarcoptes scabei canis/felis/sues

A

Dependent on the host

Entire life cycle is 3 weeks

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13
Q

How do you diagnose Sarcoptes scabei canis/felis/sues?

A

Skin scraping

Can be hard to find

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14
Q

What does a Sarcoptes scabei canis/felis/sues cause?

A

Bacterial and yeast infections

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15
Q

Does Sarcoptes scabei canis/felis/sues have zoonotic potential?

A

Little bit
Causes a red rash
Does not establish a full-blown infestation in people

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16
Q

Psoroptidae mites

A

Non-burrowing mites

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17
Q

Where do Psoropitdae mites live?

A

The surface of the skin and feed on the keratinized scale, hair, and tissue fluids

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18
Q

Otodectes cynotis

A

Live in the external ear canal

19
Q

What are the hosts of Otodectes cynotis?

A

Cats, dogs, ferrets

20
Q

What does Otodectes cynotis cause?

A

Otitis externa

21
Q

Is Otodectes cynotis contagious?

A

Very

Spread by physical contact

22
Q

Is Otodectes cynotis zoonotic?

A

No

23
Q

Non-sarcopticform mites

A

Demodex spp

Cheyletiella spp

24
Q

Demodex spp Characteristics

A

The adult mites look like 8-legged alligators
Live deep in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands
Host-specific

25
Q

How is Demodex diagnosed?

A

Deep skin scrape

26
Q

What does it mean if Demodex spp is host-specific?

A

It is not transmissible from one species to another

27
Q

Is Demodex zoonotic?

A

No

28
Q

Cheyletiella spp

A

Walking dandruff

Mites look like large moving flakes of dandruff

29
Q

What are the hosts of Cheyletiella spp?

A

Dogs, Cats, Rabbits

30
Q

Cheyletiella characteristics

A

Can be seen with a naked eye

Lives in the keratin layer of the skin

31
Q

How is Cheyletiella diagnosed?

A

Cellophane tape test

32
Q

What is the term for too many mites?

A

Demodicosis

33
Q

What does a localized infection of mites look like?

A

Non-pruritic alopecia on the muzzle, face (especially around the eyes), and forelegs

34
Q

What does a generalized infection of mites look like?

A 
Diffuse alopecia 
Secondary pruritic (itchy) bacterial infection
35
Q

What is a generalized mite infection caused by?

A

Immune deficiency
Genetic predisposition
Hormonal changes (particularly during estrus)
Immunosuppressive disease or drugs

36
Q

When looking at a skin scraping under the microscope, what do you report to your veterinarian?

A

Life stages
numbers
live: dead ratio

37
Q

What is the treatment of all other species of mites besides Demodex?

A

Treat the bedding and other animals

38
Q

What is the treatment for Demodex spp?

A 
Lime-sulfur and Amitraz dips
Ivermectin orally
Interceptor daily
Promeris/Advantage Multi
Goodwinol ointment
39
Q

What was considered the best off-label treatment for Demodex spp?

A

Ivermectin orally

40
Q

What species of dogs cannot have Ivermectin?

A

Collies because they have a Multi-drug resistant MDR-1 gene

41
Q

What type of treatment costs a lot of money?

A

Interceptor daily

42
Q

What is the Demodex treatment for cats?

A

Selamectin (Revolution)

43
Q

What is used to treat generalized Demodex spp today?

A

Fluralaner
Bravecto
Nexgard
“aner” group of drugs

Clinical Laboratory Techniques (45 decks)

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