Section 3, Chapter 5 - Surface Inspections & WIP

Question 1

Who is responsible for ensuring that the airfield operates in accordance with the Civil Aviation Authority’s requirements?

Answer 1

Responsibility: BIAL is responsible for all operational aspects of the airport to ensure compliance with the Civil Aviation Authority’s requirements.

Question 2

What are the two types of surface inspections at the airfield and their procedures?

Answer 2

Types of Inspections:
Routine Inspection:
* To be completed at the next convenient opportunity.
* ATC indicates possibility and gives an approximate delay if anticipated (preferably no longer than 10 minutes).
* Should not unduly disrupt traffic.

Priority Inspection:
* Conducted for safety reasons.
* Complied with without delay unless it is safer for an aircraft to land than go around from short final.
* Departures not commenced with the take-off run will be held.
* Airside Operations must advise ATC of the reason for the Priority Inspection.
* The reason for a Priority Runway Inspection should be logged in the ATC Log Book and recorded.

Question 3

What are the requirements and procedures for routine surface inspections at the airfield?

Answer 3

Frequency:

• Conducted by BIAL at least once every four hours during daylight.
• Additional inspections if more than one hour has elapsed between aircraft movements.

Activities Included:

• Bird patrols
• Friction tests
• Lighting inspections
• Other relevant checks

Communication:

• ADM will advise ATC of any factors affecting the licensing of the airfield.
• All ATC requests for surface inspections must be made through the ADM.

Question 4

What are the procedures and requirements for priority surface inspections at the airfield?

Answer 4

Debris Reports:

• ATC must inform the ADM when receiving any report of debris on the manoeuvring area.

Runway Inspections:

• Conducted by the ADM following the departure and arrival of any ICAO Code E aircraft or higher with four or more engines (e.g., B747, AN124, C5 Galaxy, A340).
• Not required for ICAO Code D or lower four-engine aircraft (e.g., C17, KC135, A400).
• If in doubt, ATC should confirm with the ADM.
• Inspections should take place before any further movements on the runway.
• During training by Code E aircraft with four or more engines, inspections may be required after each movement at the ADM’s discretion.

Timing and Coordination:

• Expected to take approximately 10 minutes.
• Expedite with 2 vehicles when possible, reducing time to approximately 5 minutes.
• ADC must coordinate with APR to ensure increased spacing of inbound aircraft as required.

Contamination and Delays:

• Extra time required for remedial action if contamination is discovered.
• Controllers should consider this when planning arrival sequencing or taxiing outbounds, especially if there are CTOT implications.
• BIAL is aware of potential delays as ATC holds aircraft to facilitate these inspections.

Documentation:

• All surface inspections should be logged in the ADC log book with relevant information.

Question 5

What are the procedures for airfield lighting inspections and handling Aerodrome Ground Lighting (AGL) faults?

Answer 5

Lighting Inspections:

• Conducted daily before the start of night operations.
• Only significant outages affecting operations are notified to ATC.
• Inspections and significant unserviceability are logged in the ADC logbook.
• ATC should inform the BIA Operations Control Centre of any lighting unserviceabilities.

AGL Fault Procedures:

• Responsibility: BIAL is responsible for the airfield and AGL system under CAP168.

Actions for SCOD:
* Advise all aircraft of the fault, allowing the commander to determine a course of action if required.
* Inform the ADM of the fault and request the status of the airfield.
* If the airfield status changes:
* ADM should request the issuance of a NOTAM.
* ATC advises all aircraft via RTF of the change in airfield status.
* Broadcast the fault/failure on ATIS.

Question 6

What is the responsibility of the Airport Authority concerning airfield maintenance, and what does this section include?

Answer 6

• Responsibility: The Airport Authority is responsible for authorizing all work on the Apron/Manoeuvring area.

Section Includes:
* Details of Work in Progress (WIP) on the airfield.
* Process for short notice requests for WIP.
* Procedures for closing and opening a runway.
* Operating on a runway of reduced length.
* Impact of three regular WIP activities on ATC:
* Grass cutting (Bottoming Out)
* Line painting
* Rubber removal from runways.

Question 7

What are the general procedures for Work in Progress (WIP) on the airfield?

Answer 7

Safety Statements:

• BIAL sends a copy of the Safety Statements showing WIP to be carried out.
• ATC conducts a Hazard/Safety Analysis and issues a TOI, except for Grass Cutting, Line Painting, and Rubber Removal which have separate procedures.

Notification and Coordination:

• BIAL ADM notifies ATC each morning of any planned WIP impacting ATC operations.
• If ATC receives unnotified WIP requests, they must contact the ADM before authorization.
• BIAL Ops and Engineering staff may require runway access for safety inspections and essential maintenance, which may take precedence over aircraft movements.

Reporting Unserviceabilities/Obstructions:

• ATC must report any unserviceabilities or obstructions on the airfield to the ADM immediately and log the entry.
• ADM takes appropriate action.

Communication:

• If ATC cannot contact any BIAL agency, they should use the BIAL Operations Control Centre or contact the ADM.
• ATC ensures pilots are aware of any unserviceability/obstruction in time to ensure safe aircraft operation.

Question 8

What are the BIAL airfield safety measures and responsibilities for Work in Progress (WIP)?

Answer 8

Briefings:

• BIA Operations briefs the ATC Watch Manager/Deputy Watch Manager on the agreed method of work before commencement.
• ADM ensures a NOTAM is issued for any WIP requiring runway closure and may request an ATIS broadcast.

Training:

• Contractor personnel undergo formal induction training and are briefed by BIAL before starting work.

Escorts:

• Contractors are escorted by a BIAL vehicle to stay within the work area and maintain R/T contact with ATC.
• Work areas are marked with barriers, chevron marker boards, and red glim lights.

Bird Activity:

• RFFS monitors bird activity and may increase bird patrols, especially during grass cutting.
• ADC controller may broadcast a message on ATIS regarding increased bird activity.

Emergency Situations:

• ADM suspends work and removes personnel and equipment from the site in case of an emergency.

Low Visibility Procedures (LVP):

• WIP is not allowed during LVPs but may continue in Safeguarding with ADM and ATC agreement based on weather and aircraft movements.

Foreign Object Debris (FOD):

• Contractors and BIAL staff ensure all vehicles and equipment are removed, work areas are clear of FOD, and runway inspections are completed before reopening a runway after WIP.

Question 9

What are the procedures for handling short notice Work in Progress (WIP) on the airfield?

Answer 9

Definition of Short Notice WIP:

• Less than 3 working days’ notice.
• Temporary closure of a taxiway or runway.
• Work party requires more than 5 minutes’ notice to vacate the runway or taxiway.
• Only for unplanned work, not to circumvent normal TOI and hazard analysis processes.

Checklist and Documentation:

• Use ATC Form AA/FORM/155 to record relevant details.
• Checklist includes description, date, time, and planned duration.
• Representatives from NATS and BIAL sign the completed document.
• The checklist acts as a safety net to ensure no safety implications are overlooked.

Action Steps on Completion of Form 155:

• Carry out a hazard analysis if necessary.
• Create an EFPS info strip titled ‘WIP’ detailing the procedure and affected airfield locations, and send to all affected positions.
• No changes to the strip once issued; if unsuitable, open a new checklist and process again.
• Pass relevant Info strips to the accepting controller when opening/closing positions in the VCR.
• After 24 hours, review the procedure with the duty WM and ADM or Airport Operator Representative, and record on Form 155.
• After 72 hours, conduct a further review, then either withdraw the procedure or allow it to remain until formal paperwork is produced.

Cancellation:

• If the duty WM or ADM decides to cancel the work, record the cancellation on Form 155.
• Annotate or remove the WIP/change Info Strip from the GMC and/or AIR strip bay.
• Forward Form 155 and associated documentation to the Manager Admin for retention.

Question 10

What is the procedure for activating and deactivating runways during Work in Progress (WIP) on the airfield?

Answer 10

When Adopted:

• For WIP necessitating the withdrawal of a runway at BIAL’s request.
• Not for routine maintenance, inspections, or bird scaring duties.

Steps for Closure:

• Issue a NOTAM.
• Broadcast on ATIS.
• Conduct a runway inspection before returning the runway to service.

Checklist:

• Follow the checklist in the Pink Folder to ensure all tasks are completed.

Special Notes:
Procedure not used when runway 17/35 is closed due to parked aircraft or vehicles in the DA2.
All communication between ADC and ADM during the changeover period must be conducted on the AIR frequency.

Question 11

What are the procedures for closing a runway during Work in Progress (WIP) on the airfield?

Answer 11

Airport Authority Actions:

• Inform ATC WM of planned runway closure time by phone.
• Coordinate with ATC to delineate the worksite with suitable barriers where appropriate.
• Actions may be carried out before runway closure, subject to traffic and weather conditions.

ADC Procedures:

• Include in ATIS broadcast one hour before planned closure: “Runway [xx/xx] closure is planned to commence at [time].”
• At closure time:
• Inform ADM when the last runway movement has occurred.
• Deselect appropriate runway and approach lighting; no approaches permitted during WIP.
• Switch off ILS (coordinate with DEO during engineering duty hours).
• Place appropriate Runway Blocker strip in EFPS Runway Bay.
• Confirm runway closure with INT and/or FIN.
• Confirm with ADM that the runway is closed.
• Deselect relevant FAT on the ATM.
• Amend ATIS message as required.

Watch Manager/SCOD Responsibilities:

• Inform DEO upon receiving confirmation of planned closure time from BIAL ADM.
• Inform Approach and any other local agencies who need to know.
• Ensure ADC has completed the above tasks.
• Inform ADM that “All ATC/Engineering Checks are complete” once all actions are done.

Question 12

What are the procedures for re-opening a runway after Work in Progress (WIP) on the airfield?

Answer 12

Airport Authority Actions:

• Advance Notice: ADM informs ATC in advance of the final runway inspection.
• Preparation: Ensure all vehicles have vacated the manoeuvring area, barriers removed, and the runway inspected before handover.
• Notification: ADM advises ADC via RTF that the runway is available for use.

Watch Manager Procedures:

• On receipt of re-opening time confirmation from ADM, inform:
• DEO
• ATC

ADC Procedures:

• Only after ADM has handed back the runway via RTF, ADC will:
• Select the appropriate lighting if required.
• Switch on the ILS (informing Tels if manned).
• Remove the runway ‘Blocker Strip’ from the runway bay.
• Advise APC that the runway is available for use.
• Remove the ATIS message.

Question 13

What are the procedures prior to the reduction of runway length for operations from reduced runway lengths?

Answer 13

NOTAM Issuance:

• BIAL will issue a NOTAM at least 24 hours before the work, if possible.

ATIS Message:

• ADC will broadcast the following message on ATIS 30 minutes before the reduction:
• “Runway [xx] will be operating reduced length at time [xxxx] as per NOTAM [xx/xxxx].”

Question 14

What are the procedures during the reduction of runway length for operations from reduced runway lengths?

Answer 14

BIAL ADM Actions:

• Coordinate with ADC via RTF to confirm the runway can be reduced.
• Place appropriate CAP168 marker boards on the runway.
• Black-out the appropriate edge lights.

ADC Actions:

• Be aware that inbound aircraft with the latest information may not know the runway is, or is being, reduced.
• Liaise closely with APC before reducing runway length.
• Update ATIS with the message:
• “Runway [xx] is operating reduced length, LDA is [xxxx]m, TODA is [xxxx]m.”
• Regardless of pilot’s report of receiving the latest information, ensure acknowledgment via RTF:
• “Confirm that you are aware that runway [xx] is operating at reduced distances” before issuing take-off or landing clearance.
• Place the appropriate strip in the traffic display.

Question 15

What are the procedures for returning a runway to full length after a reduction?

Answer 15

BIAL ADM Actions:

• Coordinate with ADC via RTF to confirm the runway is reinstated to full length.
• Remove the appropriate CAP168 marker boards from the runway.
• Return the appropriate edge lights to service.
• Advise ADC via RTF that the runway is available full length.

ADC Actions:

• Remove all relevant messages from ATIS.
• Remove the strip from their display.
• Advise APC that the runway is operating full length.

Question 16

What is the procedure for handling annual airfield management tasks like grass cutting, line painting, and rubber removal?

Answer 16

Introduction:

• BIAL undertakes grass cutting (Bottoming out), airfield line painting, and rubber removal from runways each year, impacting ATC operations.

Procedures:

• Receipt of Safety Statement: The Watch Manager on duty compares the BIAL safety statement for these tasks to the MATS2 entries.

Determine Changes:
* If there are new or different portions, the TOI/APSA procedure is required for the new portion only.
* If nothing new is found, the Watch Manager issues an OPNOT to advise Controllers of the WIP, giving times and dates, and reminds them of the relevant MATS2 section before work commences.

Question 17

What are the key details and procedures for airfield grass management (bottoming out/grass cutting)?

Answer 17

Purpose: Remove thatch on all grass areas within the airfield boundary as per the Airport Grass Management policy.

Timeline:
* Primary completion by end of July each year.
* Further cutting may occur until the end of the growing season (normally September).

Duration: Expected to take approximately ten days, subject to weather conditions.

Hours: Conducted during daylight hours.

Responsibility: ADM is responsible for the safety and integrity of airfield operations during this time.

Question 18

What are the procedures and responsibilities for vehicle operations during airfield grass management (bottoming out)?

Answer 18

Maintenance Responsibility:

• BIAL Engineering maintains grass at 15 to 20cm in:
• Around all signs
• In front of PAPIs
• Inside all ILS Critical Areas

Contractor Operations:

• Contractor grass cutting tractors are escorted by a BIAL vehicle driver (usually Ops 8 or Ops 9).
• If a second vehicle is needed for RT purposes, it will use the call sign Checker 2.
• Checker 2 is permitted to Free Range for crossing control and reducing RT transmissions, providing RT cover and escort on Delta taxiway/apron as needed.

Runway Vacated Procedure:

• “OPS 8/9” supervises the bottoming out operation.
• ATC instructs “OPS 8/9 plus Works Party” to vacate the clear and graded area when needed.
• OPS 8/9 ensures all vehicles are outside the cleared and graded area before reporting vacated.

Question 19

What is Area 1 for grass cutting during airfield grass management, and what are the access procedures and expectations?

Answer 19

Area 1 Description:

• Grass areas east of TWY Bravo on the north side of RWY 07/25.
• Grass areas on the south side of RWY 07/25, east of RWY 17/35.

Access Procedures:

• North Side: Access via the emergency gate adjacent to BIA Engineering and MT slip road.
• South Side: Access via 25 perimeter road.
• Tractors will need to cross TWY Alpha.

Expectations:

• Frequency of taxiway crossings expected to be in excess of one every five minutes.
• Taxiway crossings will occur between 0900-1600L.

Question 20

What is Area 2 for grass cutting during airfield grass management, and what are the access procedures?

Answer 20

Area 2 Description:

• Grass area north of RWY 07/25 between TWY Bravo and RWY 17/35.
• Includes areas both north and south of TWY Charlie.

Access Procedures:

• Access via Checkpoint 10 (Delta site) and the RWY 17 by-pass road.
• For areas south of TWY Charlie and north of RWY 07/25, crossing of TWY Charlie at its mid-point is required.

Note:

• Frequency of taxiway crossings expected to be in excess of one every five minutes.
• Taxiway crossings will occur between 0900-1600L.

Question 21

What is Area 3 for grass cutting during airfield grass management, and what are the access procedures?

Answer 21

Area 3 Description:

• Grass area north of RWY 07/25 and west of RWY 17/35.

Access Procedures:

• Access via Checkpoint 10 (Delta site).
• Requires crossing of TWY Delta from DLT apron.

Note:

• Frequency of taxiway crossings expected to be in excess of one every five minutes.
• Taxiway crossings will occur between 0900-1600L.

Question 22

What is Area 4 for grass cutting during airfield grass management, and what are the operational procedures?

Answer 22

Area 4 Description:

• Grass areas south of RWY 07/25 and west of RWY 17/35.

Operational Procedures:

• Work will be carried out on a pull-back basis.
• Work will continue outside the clear and graded area of the runway in use.

Question 23

What is Area 5 for grass cutting during airfield grass management, and what are the operational procedures and conditions?

Answer 23

Area 5 Description:

• Grass area south of RWY 07/25 holding point on RWY 17/35.

Operational Procedures and Conditions:

• Subject to weather conditions and runway in use.
• RWY 17/35 will be withdrawn from service and physically blocked off south of the intersection.
• RWY 17 North will be available for taxiing aircraft only.
• With a 30-minute notice, RWY 17/35 can be brought back into service if required.

Question 24

What are the procedures for runway closure and work management in Areas 4 and 5 during grass cutting operations?

Answer 24

Combined Operations:

• Areas 4 & 5 Management:
• Usually bottomed out together to allow tractor/trailers to cross RWY 17-35 at the slip road west of the ATC building.
• If vehicles in Area 4 are pulled back from the edge of RWY 07/25, work can continue outside the RWY 07/25 clear and graded area within Area 5.
• Chevron marker boards placed on RWY 17/35, 105m south of the RWY 07/25 centerline for visual reference.
• Upon completion of Area 4, markers moved south to the RWY 07/25 hold on RWY 17/35.

Runway Closure:

• Closure Procedure:
• During work in Area 5, RWY 17/35 will be withdrawn from service, subject to weather and runway in use.
• Apply the Activation and Deactivation of Runways during WIP procedure (Section 5.3.3.1).
• RWY 17/35 will be physically blocked south of the RWY 07/25 hold on RWY 17/35.
• RWY 17 north remains available for taxi purposes.
• With a 30-minute notice, RWY 17/35 can be returned to full operational status if necessary.

Question 25

What is the bottoming out procedure and its impact on ATC during grass cutting operations?

Answer 25

Commencement:

• Bottoming out begins only with permission after consultation between ATC and BIAL Ops.

ATC Facilitation:

• ATC facilitates the operation to ensure minimal disruption.
• Bottoming out is considered Work in Progress and takes priority over training flights.
• Work is carried out on a pull-back basis.

Weather Conditions:

• Contractors can operate outside the runway cleared and graded areas (more than 105m from the runway centerline) without being pulled back when weather permits.
• Within 105m of the runway centerline, contractors must be pulled back for aircraft movements.

Runway Usage:

• To facilitate grass cutting within RWY 07-25 clear and graded area, RWY 17-35 will be used, subject to weather and aircraft performance levels.
• BIAL may issue a NOTAM in advance of a RWY 07/25 closure to minimize delays to essential work within the RWY 07/25 clear and graded area.

Question 26

What are the procedures for managing rotary movements during grass cutting operations?

Answer 26

Restrictions:

• Helicopter traffic should be restricted from operating near grass areas affected by bottoming-out.
• Route helicopters via paved areas as much as possible to prevent grass contamination on manoeuvring areas and aprons.

Specific Routing:

• Rotary movements from/to Echo apron, Heli-Central, and the PSNI Air Support Unit should avoid overflying mown grass areas awaiting harvesting/removal.

Briefing:

• BIAL will brief PSNI on the Work in Progress (WIP) and its implications.

Question 27

What are the procedures and conditions for rubber removal from the runways?

Answer 27

Operation Description:

• Contractors remove aircraft tyre rubber build-up from runway grooves using ultra-high pressure rotating water jets with vacuum recovery of water and debris.
• Removal occurs 20m either side of the runway centerline, from a point 300m from the 25 threshold, over a distance of 600m.
• Each touchdown zone (TDZ) is cleared separately.

Timing:

• Work usually carried out over 3 nights, from 2300 to 0500 local time.
• Expected to take 3 days, subject to weather conditions.
• Start date confirmed to the Watch Manager (WM) by the ADM as soon as possible.

Runway Closure:

• During the work, RWY 07/25 will be closed, bringing RWY 17/35 into use.
• The Activation and Deactivation of Runways during WIP procedure (Section 5.3.3.1) will be applied.

Question 28

What are the procedures and operational impacts for rubber removal in Area 1 - Runway 25 touchdown area?

Answer 28

Runway 25 Touchdown Area:
* RWY 07/25 will be withdrawn from service subject to weather conditions, but can be made available with 30 minutes’ notice.
* TWY Alpha east of the GAT will be withdrawn from service.
* Aircraft landing on RWY 17/35 are permitted to taxi on RWY 07/25 to vacate at Bravo, with TWY Bravo remaining in service.
* Red and white barriers and red glims will be positioned at Alpha east of the GAT and on RWY 25 abeam Old Bravo.
* NOTAMs will be issued as required.

Question 29

What are the procedures and operational impacts for rubber removal in Area 2 - Runway 07 touchdown area?

Answer 29

Runway 07 Touchdown Area:
* RWY 07/25 will be withdrawn from service subject to forecast weather, but can be made available with 30 minutes’ notice.
* The portion east of the intersection with RWY 17/35 will be available for taxiing aircraft.
* No aircraft access permitted onto RWY 07/25 via D1 and J1 during this phase.
* Work will progress on a pull-back basis between aircraft movements from the holding point west of the runways’ intersection, working eastwards towards the intersection.
* Close coordination between BIA Ops RT escort vehicle and ATC, with approximately ten minutes notice required to vacate work crew from the intersection area.
* Pull-back position is the holding point west of the runways’ intersection, with lit marker boards on both hard shoulders.
* Preferred method is full length ‘runs’ (east of the holding point west of the runways’ intersection) rather than pull-backs during each ‘run’ to expedite work at the runway intersection area.
* Remaining work from the 07 threshold to the holding point west of the runways’ intersection will continue under RT supervision during aircraft movements on RWY 17/35.
* NOTAMs will be issued as required.

Question 30

What are the procedures and safety measures for annual airfield line painting?

Answer 30

Introduction:

• Annual repainting of civil manoeuvring area surface markings to ensure compliance with CAP 168 and EASA Regulations.
• Painting requires predominantly dry conditions and is expected to be completed within one week.

BIAL / Airfield Safety Measures:

Work Areas:

• Surface line painting on airfield manoeuvring areas and main apron areas.
• ADM decides when to commence painting each day based on operational requirements and weather conditions.

Access and Control:

• All access/egress to/from the work area controlled by BIA operations staff when working airside.
• BIAL Ops staff escort contractors at all times, providing RT contact with ATC.
• Contractors’ vehicles and equipment parked in an approved area by ADM after each work period, with work areas inspected.

Runway Closure:

• RT vehicle remains with painters at all times.
• Work areas delineated with mobile barriers and glim lamps.
• AGL on withdrawn runway deselected.
• NOTAM advising of closure issued by BIA Operations.

Daily Briefings:

• ADM ensures ATC is fully briefed on daily work locations and any facilities to be withdrawn or restricted before work starts.
• Full debrief to ATC at the end of each work period regarding lifting of restrictions or returning facilities.
• Messages regarding runway closures broadcast on ATIS.

Question 31

What is the procedure and operational impact during daily airfield line painting?

Answer 31

Daily Briefing:
* ADM advises ATC of any required aircraft push-back or taxiing restrictions.
* Includes information on closures and affected equipment or facilities when line painting work is taking place on the main apron area.

Question 32

What are the procedures and operational impacts for line painting on Runways 07/25?

Answer 32

Nighttime Operations:

• Timing: Majority of line painting carried out during hours of darkness (2300 - 0500 local) when traffic is minimal.
• Runway Withdrawal: Runways 07/25 will be withdrawn from service, subject to operational requirements, weather, and ADM’s discretion after consultation with ATC.
• Reinstatement: Runways 07/25 can be reinstated with thirty minutes’ prior notice if needed.
• RT Vehicle: An RT vehicle will remain with the painters at all times during closure.

Daytime Operations:

• Timing: Scheduled during 0900 - 1200 local when traffic movements are least frequent.
• Procedure: Operated on an RT on/off pull-back basis provided by BIA.
• Drying Time: Approximately 15 minutes per section of work.
• Alternate Runways: Most aircraft movements expected to use runways 17/35 during this period, subject to weather conditions.

Question 33

What are the procedures and operational impacts for line painting on Runways 17/35?

Answer 33

• Timing: Line painting carried out during daylight hours between 0900 - 1700 local.
• Procedure: Operated on an RT on/off pull-back basis provided by BIA.
• Disruption: Expected to cause minimal disruption as Runways 07/25 are usually the main runways in use.
• Runway 17 North: Painting scheduled for the quietest part of the day to avoid aircraft having to taxi via Delta.

Question 34

What are the procedures and operational impacts for line painting at runway holding points and other areas?

Answer 34

Runway Holding Points:

• Holding Points A2, N, S, T, and W:
• Located well beyond the minimum distance from the runway centerline.
• Subject to prior consultation with ATC, these holding points will be individually withdrawn from service.
• Temporary holding points will be created 30m beyond the permanent markings, delineated by a marker board, closer to the operational runway.
• Purpose: Allows line painters to work on holding points while staying behind the temporary holding point, reducing the risk of runway incursions.
• During hours of darkness, marker boards will be illuminated by red glims.
• Relevant runways will be closed during setup and completion of work at intersection holding points, coordinated with ATC to suit operations.

Other Areas:

Painting Procedure:
* All other areas will be painted on an on/off pull-back basis.
* Depending on movements, certain areas may be withdrawn for practicality, managed by the ADM in conjunction with ATC.
* Short-term withdrawals may not always warrant the issuance of a NOTAM.