Sealants, Caries, & Perio Disease Flashcards
what kind of infection is carie’s
a bacterial infection
a localized post eruptive pathological process of external origin that involves softening tooth surface is known as ___
dental caries
what two bacterias cause carie’s
streptococcus mutants and lactobacilli
what minerals are pulled from enamel and found in saliva to neutralize acids and remineralize teeth
calcium, phosphorus and fluoride
bacteria + ___ = acid
sugars (complex carbohydrates)
what % of carie’s occur on the occlusal surfaces
84%
a high pH in saliva means a decrease in ___
carie’s. neutral pH means less acid to break down enamel
what are the 3 required things for carie’s to occur
diet rich in fermentable carbohydrates
poor hygiene leading to bacteria buildup
susceptible tooth lacking nutrients
an incipient lesion reaches how far into the enamel
less than half way through
moderate lesions reach more than
halfway through enamel
advanced and severe lesions go into the
pulp
can a incipient lesion remain incipient for long periods of time
yes with correct conditions and proper oral care
pit and fissure carie’s are caused mainly by which bacteria
lactobacilli (from high sugar intake)
smooth surface carie’s are typically caused by which bacteria
streptococcus mutans
streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli and actinomycetes bacteria combined cause which form of caries
root caries
when is root carie’s most likely to occur in life
the later stages due to increased likley hood of cementum exposure
when is the risk for early childhood carie’s the highest
during the first 3 years post eruption
associated risk factors of early childhood carie’s are
certain ethnic groups, no water fluoridation, low income and limited access to care
what is a carie’s risk test
a salivary flow test that measures the amount of carie’s causing bacteria in saliva
what is periodontal disease
an infectious transmissible disease involving surrounding structures of the teeth (tissues/bone)
when is a sulcus considered a periodontal pocket
when it exceeds 3mm
periodontitis is the
loss of attachment of soft tissues to bone
what is the process of periodontal disease
initial lesion > early lesion > established lesion > advanced lesion
collagen fibers are destroyed at what process of periodontal disease
established lesion
what determines the retention of a sealant
proper isolation when etching to avoid contamination
sealants are a ___ procedure
non invasive preventive
when are sealants indicated
- newley erupted teeth
- depth and number of pits and fissures
- no proximal decay
contraindications of sealants
- incipient lesions
- smooth surfaces
- proximal decay
- not fully erupted
- primary tooth near exfoliation
what age are sealants most common
6-15
where should you examine prior to sealants placement
the tooth being sealed and the same tooth on opposite side of arch
what kind of retention holds a sealant
mechanical retention
what is the shelf life of a sealant
18-36 months
what are storage conditions for sealant material
do not store near eugenol products
do not expose to light or air
always replace caps after use
what allergen is found in sealant material
acrylates
first generation sealant materials were called
cyanoacrylates - poor retention qualities
dimethacrylates and methylacrylates are ___ generation and have better region and strength due to fillers
second and third generation materials
what do you do if saliva contaminated the etch
re etch for 5 seconds rinse and dry
what commonly causes sealant failure to occur within 3-6 months of placement
moisture contamination or inadequate etching
if using an air abrasion handpiece to clean occlusal surface you must do what after before placing material
etch twice to neutralize the sodium bicarbonate OR apply 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10 seconds
why is fluoride added to sealant material
incase the material falls out there will be a strengthened layer of enamel under it in pits and fissures
what are the two types of polymerization for sealants material
light cured and self cured
- photopolymerization (both light/self)
what are two safety precautions to keep in mind during sealant procedure
to not allow any etch to contact tissues and to provide eye protection for the patient
is there a difference in retention rates of filled or infilled materials
no
why is clear sealant material less disireable
it’s harder to see when placing
