Plaque, Stains, & Coronal Polish

Question 1

what is acquired pellicle

Answer 1

amorphous, acellular, organic tenacious membrane.

Develops on tooth immediately after plaque is removed - barrier

Question 2

Bacterial colonization on tooth surface, a non mineralized mass is known as

Answer 2

plaque

Question 3

Mucin

Answer 3

protein in saliva that breaks down sugars to create plaque

Question 4

how long does it take fresh plaque to form

Answer 4

12-24 houra

Question 5

after 24-48 hours of plaque being left it is known as

Answer 5

mature plaque

Question 6

the pathogenicity (strength) of plaque is determined by

Answer 6

the age of plaque - older it gets the more acidic it becomes making it hard to remove

Question 7

after leaving plaque for 14-21 days what will be evident in the gums

Answer 7

gingivitis

Question 8

what is the pH of plaque prior to eating

Answer 8

6.2-7.0 (neutral)

Question 9

acitomycete is an acid bacteria present in which form of carie’s

Answer 9

root caries

Question 10

cariogenic plaque

Answer 10

harbours bacteria that leads to caries

Question 11

calculogenic plaque

Answer 11

provides a matrix for mineralization

Question 12

where is plaque most likely to form

Answer 12

crowding, rough surfaces, overhangs, pits and fissures

Question 13

a clean tooth with less retention for plaque will appear how

Answer 13

smooth and shiny - reflecting light

Question 14

higher pH = ___

Answer 14

less acidity

Question 15

what is calculus constantly covered by

Answer 15

actively metabolizing bacteria

Question 16

what is a side effect if supragingival plaque build up

Answer 16

carie’s and gingivitis

Question 17

indications of polishing

Answer 17

• prior to sealants placement
• prior to ortho bands and crowns/bridges
• stains present
• before acid etch application

Question 18

contraindications of polishing

Answer 18

• no stains present
• root or cementum exposure
• high risk of carie’s or incipient lesion present
• sensitive teeth
• newley erupted teeth

Question 19

what is the purpose of polishing

Answer 19

to remove extrinsic stains and soft plaque

Question 20

what type of grasp is used when polishing and what kind of strokes

Answer 20

modified pen grasp

short intermittent and overlapping strokes

Question 21

how long should be spent max on each tooth

Answer 21

3-5 seconds

Question 22

rpm’s of handpiece should not exceed how many when polishing

Answer 22

10,000

Question 23

what speed to prophy angles run at

Answer 23

5,000 rpm

Question 24

what is the most abrasive material for polishing

Answer 24

flour of pumice

used for heavy stains and prior to sealants

Question 25

Calcium carbonate is used for ____ and is most common in what

Answer 25

light to medium stains most common in prophy pastes and toothpaste

Question 26

what type of abrasive is used for amalgam

Answer 26

tin oxide - very fine abrasive that is versatile for all restorations

Question 27

what abrasive is used to polish gold/metal alloys

Answer 27

rouge

Question 28

what is added to abrasives to reduce frictional heat

Answer 28

a wetting agent

Question 29

what is the rubber point prophy cup used for

Answer 29

to polish interproximal

Question 30

what step comes after polishing is finished

Answer 30

flossing

Question 31

what is epidemiology

Answer 31

the science of dealing with transmission and control of disease

Question 32

amalayze is the

Answer 32

enzyme within the mouth and pancreas’s to break down sugars

Question 33

why are plaque index’s used

Answer 33

to evaluate level of plaque in the cervical area

Question 34

what is calculus composed of

Answer 34

calcium, phosphorus and sodium calculus is amorphous meaning it has no definite shape

Question 35

lack of mastication, drugs, open bites, dialysis and poor hygiene are all factors that contribute to

Answer 35

rate and amount of calculus build up

Question 36

chromogenic picgmentation of a stain refers to the

Answer 36

origin of its color

Question 37

plaque that turns red after disclosing means it is

Answer 37

new and thin plaque

Question 38

when would you avoid using a disclosing agent

Answer 38

on tooth coloured restorations or before a sealant

Question 39

how is the type of staining classified

Answer 39

by location and source

Question 40

exogenous stains are originating from a

Answer 40

outside source such as tobacco, food

Question 41

exogenous stains can be either

Answer 41

intrinsic or extrinsic

Question 42

endogenous stains originate from

Answer 42

within the tooth structure -birth defects, developmental defects

Question 43

can endogenous stains be extrinsic or intrinsic

Answer 43

no they can only be intrinsic

Question 44

extrinsic stains __ be removed

Answer 44

can be

Question 45

intrinsic stains ___ be removed

Answer 45

cannot be

Question 46

what is the best pH for oral biofilm

Answer 46

high pH - less acidic

Question 47

what is the ideal stroke for polishing

Answer 47

short intermittent overlapping strokes

Question 48

properties of an acceptable disclosing agent

Answer 48

``` color intensity length of intensity taste diffusability Muscosal irritation ```

Question 49

what’s the difference between coronal polish and oral prophylaxis

Answer 49

polish only removes stains and plaque, prophylaxis also removes calculus