Clinical Dentistry - Instrument Identification Flashcards
angle formers are used in a downward motion to -
form and define point angles, and sharpen line angles
the double working ends of an angle former are
angled cutting edge
a chisel is used to ____ enamel and dentin walls in prep
shape and plane
the blade of a chisel is ___
straight across
the instrument used to remove decay material and debris from the tooth, inverting dental dam and packing retraction cord is known as the
spoon excavator. shaped like a spoon
gingival margin trimmers are double ended to accommodate the __ and __
mesial and distal margins
gingival margin trimmers are used to
bevel the gingival margin wall of the prep
enamel hatchets are used to
refine prep walls and create retention
enamel hatchets have a straight edged tip that sits on a ___ angle
90 degree
hoes are used in a pulling motion (like a garden hoe) in order to shape the ____
floor of the cavity prep
cutting instruments are
angle formers, hoes, hatchets, gingival margin trimmers, chisels and excavators
what is the use of cutting instruments
design of prep, to refine and define the walls
how many cutting instruments are there
6
a basic kit consists of
explorer, mirror, aW tip, cotton pliers and possibly a probe
non cutting instruments are
basic exam instruments and instruments used to insert and finish restorations
a burnisher is a ___ instrument
non cutting
burnishes are used to smooth rough margins, squeeze out mercury and
shape metal matrix bands
burnishers come in a variety of shapes like …
beaver tail, football, tball and ball shape
which end of a amalgam carrier is used first in the filling process
the smallest end
what are the two common names for carvers
hollenback and cleiod-discoid
a mesial GMT angles toward the ___ and has a blacks number 4 of
midline, and 85-90
the blade of a hoe is ___ to the handle
perpendicular
the hollenback carver is used on the
interproximal areas
discoid-cleoid carvers are used on the __ surface
occlusal
carvers are to remove ___ and carve __
excess material and carve anatomy before hardening
T3 / tanner carver is similar to the discoid but has
larger ends
composite instruments are similar to PFI in regard to the use being
to carry, place, condense and carve composite materials
PFI typically is double ended with a
paddle and condensing end
finishing knives have a working end that is
a blade
non cutting instruments are aka ___ instruments
restorative
low / slow speed handpieces are __
short and straight
10,000 - 30,000 rpms are ___ handpieces
low speed
intraoral use of slow speed used the __ attachment
contraangle with latch type bur
when is it safe to clean the overhead light
when it’s fully cooled down
the central air compressor provides air for the ___
air water syringe and hand pieces
the central vacuum bc provides suction to the
ejector and HVE
supine position has the patients __ and __ at about the same level
head and knees
when working mandibularly the chin would be positioned
slightly down / normal head position
when working on the maxilla the chair is nearly parallel with the floor so that the chin can be
angled upward
what is ideal distance between patients face and operators
12-14 inches
light is positioned at a __ angle when working on the maxilla
45
when working on the mandible the light is at a __ angle
90 degree
class I motion is movement of the
fingers only
class II motion is movement of the
fingers and wrist only
class III motions is movement of the
fingers wrist and elbow
class IV motion is movement of
the entire arm and shoulder
enamel hatchet blade is ___ to the handle
parallel
a right handed operators zone would be from __ to __ o clock
7-12
a two handed transfer is appropriate when the item is
bulky or hinged
single handed transfers are completed using the
last two fingers of the left hand
which hand is kept free for auction only
the right hand
when passing instruments they should be facing the
direction of use
modified pen grasp is when
instrument is held as a pen with middle finger pad resting on top
what is the mouth mirror used for
retraction, light reflection, indirect vision and trans illumination
when fulcruming which finger is used as support
the ring finger
working on tooth 1.5 , fulcruming occurs how far away, on what surface and in which arch?
1-4 teeth away, incisal edge and same arch
what are the two types of oral evacuation
HVE, and saliva ejectors
how is the HVE held to the tooth surface when suctioning
parallel to the surface, slightly distal
3 types of isolation techniques
cotton rolls, dental dam, and dry angles
3 types of dental dam frames
otsby frame, young frame, plastic U frame
which dental dam frame is placed under the dam?
the plastic U shaped frame
What size hole is used for the clamped/anchor tooth?
size 5 the largest
the bow of the clamp is the
rounded portion that sits distally
winged clamps are used to
hold the dam down better
what clamp would you use for tooth 2.6 or 4.7
12A
what clamp is used in posterior quadrants 1 and 3
13A
2A clamps are used on all
premolars
what is necessary to tie to clamp prior to any placement in the mouth
a ligature
where do you place the ligature of a clamp
on the buccal side
what can be used in place of clamps on anterior teeth
wedjets/stabilizing cords and or wedges
the amount of wedges needed is determined by the
number of walls missing
__ inch is left at the top and bottom of dental dam to ensure isolation
1 inch at top, 2 inch at bottom
holes are punch in the dental dam with ___ space between
3.0 - 3.5 mm
what instrument is used to start removal of dam
crown and bridge scissors
the three number formula classify the ,,_
width, length, angle to long axis
the four number formula classifies as ,,,
width, degree of cutting edge, length, angle to long axis
Low speed handpieces has 3 attachments called
contraangle, prophyangle, and straight attachment
the conta angle attachment uses a ___ bur
latch type
the low speed handpiece operates at ___ rpm
10,000-30,000 rpm
High speed handpieces require ___ to prevent frictional heat
water coming system
the handpiece that operates at 450,000 rpm is the
high speed
the laboratory handpiece operates at ___ rpm
20,000
what kind of bur attachment is used for the high speed
friction grip
how does the air abrasion handpiece work
it produces high pressure of aluminum oxide particles
parts of a bur
head, neck, shank
parts of a instrument
handle, shank, working end
cutting burs are typically made of
tungsten carbide
round burs come in sizes __
1/4 to 10
which 4 burs are used for initial entry into prep
round, straight fissure plain cut, pear shaped and end cutting burs
the tapered fissure burs (xcut and plain) are used to
provide angles to prep walls
inverted cone burs are in the ___ size range
30s
greenies are used to
polish amalgam
brownies are used to
smooth amalgam
what is used to final polish composite
cuttlebone
abrasive disks attach onto a ___ then into the handpiece
mandrel
Internal cavity walls ___ extend to the external surface
do not
the axial wall of a prep runs ___ to the long axis
parallel
the pulpal wall is ___ to long axis
perpendicular
what is a line angle
an angle former by 2 walls or surfaces
resistance form is when the
dentist determines shape and placement of walls for protection
in the initial tooth prep the outline is when the
dentist determines the shape of prep needed
retention form is to
prevent displacement or removal of restoration
convenience form is for
easy access to prep
direct veneers are applied __
chairside
indirect veneers have to be made in a __
lab
why are retention pins used, and what is placed on top of them
used in severe loss of structure, a core build up is place on top. 1 pin per cusp lost
the inner knob of a matrix retainer is for
increasing the size
the outer knob on a matrix retainer is for
tightening and loosening the band
the screw/pin that hold the band in place is called the
spindle
which way does the diagonal slot of a retainer face when placed
gingival
the smaller circumference of the matrix band is placed on
the bottom toward gingiva
when would it be appropriate to use a extension matrix band
when a cusp is missing
for quadrants 1 and 3 the loop of the matrix band faces the
screw, to the right
for quadrants 2 and 4 the matrix band loop faces the
tofflemire word, to the left
why are wedges used with matrix systems
to adapt the band to the gingival surface and provide spacing
what type of matrix system is used for anterior teeth
mylar/celluloid strips
