Clinical Dentistry - Instrument Identification Flashcards by rebecca hannigan

angle formers are used in a downward motion to -

form and define point angles, and sharpen line angles

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the double working ends of an angle former are

angled cutting edge

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a chisel is used to ____ enamel and dentin walls in prep

shape and plane

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the blade of a chisel is ___

straight across

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the instrument used to remove decay material and debris from the tooth, inverting dental dam and packing retraction cord is known as the

spoon excavator. shaped like a spoon

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gingival margin trimmers are double ended to accommodate the __ and __

mesial and distal margins

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gingival margin trimmers are used to

bevel the gingival margin wall of the prep

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enamel hatchets are used to

refine prep walls and create retention

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enamel hatchets have a straight edged tip that sits on a ___ angle

90 degree

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hoes are used in a pulling motion (like a garden hoe) in order to shape the ____

floor of the cavity prep

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cutting instruments are

angle formers, hoes, hatchets, gingival margin trimmers, chisels and excavators

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what is the use of cutting instruments

design of prep, to refine and define the walls

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how many cutting instruments are there

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a basic kit consists of

explorer, mirror, aW tip, cotton pliers and possibly a probe

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non cutting instruments are

basic exam instruments and instruments used to insert and finish restorations

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a burnisher is a ___ instrument

non cutting

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burnishes are used to smooth rough margins, squeeze out mercury and

shape metal matrix bands

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burnishers come in a variety of shapes like …

beaver tail, football, tball and ball shape

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which end of a amalgam carrier is used first in the filling process

the smallest end

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what are the two common names for carvers

hollenback and cleiod-discoid

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a mesial GMT angles toward the ___ and has a blacks number 4 of

midline, and 85-90

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the blade of a hoe is ___ to the handle

perpendicular

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the hollenback carver is used on the

interproximal areas

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discoid-cleoid carvers are used on the __ surface

occlusal

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carvers are to remove ___ and carve __

excess material and carve anatomy before hardening

T3 / tanner carver is similar to the discoid but has

larger ends

composite instruments are similar to PFI in regard to the use being

to carry, place, condense and carve composite materials

PFI typically is double ended with a

paddle and condensing end

finishing knives have a working end that is

a blade

non cutting instruments are aka ___ instruments

restorative

low / slow speed handpieces are __

short and straight

10,000 - 30,000 rpms are ___ handpieces

low speed

intraoral use of slow speed used the __ attachment

contraangle with latch type bur

when is it safe to clean the overhead light

when it’s fully cooled down

the central air compressor provides air for the ___

air water syringe and hand pieces

the central vacuum bc provides suction to the

ejector and HVE

supine position has the patients __ and __ at about the same level

head and knees

when working mandibularly the chin would be positioned

slightly down / normal head position

when working on the maxilla the chair is nearly parallel with the floor so that the chin can be

angled upward

what is ideal distance between patients face and operators

12-14 inches

light is positioned at a __ angle when working on the maxilla

when working on the mandible the light is at a __ angle

90 degree

class I motion is movement of the

fingers only

class II motion is movement of the

fingers and wrist only

class III motions is movement of the

fingers wrist and elbow

class IV motion is movement of

the entire arm and shoulder

enamel hatchet blade is ___ to the handle

parallel

a right handed operators zone would be from __ to __ o clock

7-12

a two handed transfer is appropriate when the item is

bulky or hinged

single handed transfers are completed using the

last two fingers of the left hand

which hand is kept free for auction only

the right hand

when passing instruments they should be facing the

direction of use

modified pen grasp is when

instrument is held as a pen with middle finger pad resting on top

what is the mouth mirror used for

retraction, light reflection, indirect vision and trans illumination

when fulcruming which finger is used as support

the ring finger

working on tooth 1.5 , fulcruming occurs how far away, on what surface and in which arch?

1-4 teeth away, incisal edge and same arch

what are the two types of oral evacuation

HVE, and saliva ejectors

how is the HVE held to the tooth surface when suctioning

parallel to the surface, slightly distal

3 types of isolation techniques

cotton rolls, dental dam, and dry angles

3 types of dental dam frames

otsby frame, young frame, plastic U frame

which dental dam frame is placed under the dam?

the plastic U shaped frame

What size hole is used for the clamped/anchor tooth?

size 5 the largest

the bow of the clamp is the

rounded portion that sits distally

winged clamps are used to

hold the dam down better

what clamp would you use for tooth 2.6 or 4.7

12A

what clamp is used in posterior quadrants 1 and 3

13A

2A clamps are used on all

premolars

what is necessary to tie to clamp prior to any placement in the mouth

a ligature

where do you place the ligature of a clamp

on the buccal side

what can be used in place of clamps on anterior teeth

wedjets/stabilizing cords and or wedges

the amount of wedges needed is determined by the

number of walls missing

__ inch is left at the top and bottom of dental dam to ensure isolation

1 inch at top, 2 inch at bottom

holes are punch in the dental dam with ___ space between

3.0 - 3.5 mm

what instrument is used to start removal of dam

crown and bridge scissors

the three number formula classify the _,_,_

width, length, angle to long axis

the four number formula classifies as _,_,_,_

width, degree of cutting edge, length, angle to long axis

Low speed handpieces has 3 attachments called

contraangle, prophyangle, and straight attachment

the conta angle attachment uses a ___ bur

latch type

the low speed handpiece operates at ___ rpm

10,000-30,000 rpm

High speed handpieces require ___ to prevent frictional heat

water coming system

the handpiece that operates at 450,000 rpm is the

high speed

the laboratory handpiece operates at ___ rpm

20,000

what kind of bur attachment is used for the high speed

friction grip

how does the air abrasion handpiece work

it produces high pressure of aluminum oxide particles

parts of a bur

head, neck, shank

parts of a instrument

handle, shank, working end

cutting burs are typically made of

tungsten carbide

round burs come in sizes __

1/4 to 10

which 4 burs are used for initial entry into prep

round, straight fissure plain cut, pear shaped and end cutting burs

the tapered fissure burs (xcut and plain) are used to

provide angles to prep walls

inverted cone burs are in the ___ size range

30s

greenies are used to

polish amalgam

brownies are used to

smooth amalgam

what is used to final polish composite

cuttlebone

abrasive disks attach onto a ___ then into the handpiece

mandrel

Internal cavity walls ___ extend to the external surface

do not

the axial wall of a prep runs ___ to the long axis

parallel

the pulpal wall is ___ to long axis

perpendicular

what is a line angle

an angle former by 2 walls or surfaces

resistance form is when the

dentist determines shape and placement of walls for protection

in the initial tooth prep the outline is when the

dentist determines the shape of prep needed

retention form is to

prevent displacement or removal of restoration

convenience form is for

easy access to prep

direct veneers are applied __

chairside

indirect veneers have to be made in a __

lab

why are retention pins used, and what is placed on top of them

used in severe loss of structure, a core build up is place on top. 1 pin per cusp lost

the inner knob of a matrix retainer is for

increasing the size

the outer knob on a matrix retainer is for

tightening and loosening the band

the screw/pin that hold the band in place is called the

spindle

which way does the diagonal slot of a retainer face when placed

gingival

the smaller circumference of the matrix band is placed on

the bottom toward gingiva

when would it be appropriate to use a extension matrix band

when a cusp is missing

for quadrants 1 and 3 the loop of the matrix band faces the

screw, to the right

for quadrants 2 and 4 the matrix band loop faces the

tofflemire word, to the left

why are wedges used with matrix systems

to adapt the band to the gingival surface and provide spacing

what type of matrix system is used for anterior teeth

mylar/celluloid strips