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dental assisting mda > Oral Surgery Chapter 56 + 53 > Flashcards

Oral Surgery Chapter 56 + 53 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 category’s of extraction

A

emergency, preventative and conservative

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2
Q

preventative extraction removes teeth for ___ cases

A

ortho

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3
Q

two types of dental extraction

A

simple(above gums) and surgical(impacted)

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4
Q

decayed teeth unable to be restored, no vital teeth, insufficient bone support are all indications for

A

oral surgery

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5
Q

what types of x-rays are beneficial for oral surgery

A

pa, panoramic, occlusal and extra oral

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6
Q

why must the stomach be empty prior to general anesthesia

A

the anesthesia may cause vomiting and can be aspirated into the lungs while unconscious

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7
Q

what are the surgical asepsis components

A

sterile field, surgical scrub, sterile gloves, protective eyewear

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8
Q

how long can a surgical set up sit before it is no longer considered sterile

A

1 hour

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9
Q

how long is a surgical scrub

A

7 minutes. Wash up to elbows and under nails

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10
Q

chlorahexadine and idophor are used for the antiseptic in ___

A

a surgical scrub brush

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11
Q

what 4 types of sedation are used in oral surgery

A

tranquilizers, barbiturates, iv conscious sedation and general anesthesia

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12
Q

anesthesia used in oral surgery are

A

local anesthesia and nitrous oxide

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13
Q

when giving post op instructions to surgery patients you must give it ___ and __

A

verbally and written. ensure patient is not driving

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14
Q

when sterilizing hinged instruments they are placed in what position

A

open

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15
Q

what are surgical instruments classified as

A

critical items - must be sterilized before use

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16
Q

how long is a sterile gauze pressure pack placed after procedure

A

at least 30-45 minutes in order to secure blood clot in wound

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17
Q

an at home remedy for bleeding control is using a black tea bag for 20 minutes on the wound. this helps due to the

A

tannic acids in the tea. helps form a clot

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18
Q

how is sterile gauze made in a pinch

A

putting it in a pouch and running through the sterilizer

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19
Q

for swelling control, during the first 24 hours what is used

A

cold packs - 20 mins on 20 mins off

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20
Q

after 24 hours to control swelling you can

A

use external heat to promote healing and use a saline rinse every 2 hours

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21
Q

alveolar osteitis or alveolitis is another term for

A

dry socket

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22
Q

how do you know a dry socket has occurred

A

the pain from extraction diminishes and returns after 2-4 days. accompanied by foul taste /odour.

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23
Q

who is more susceptible to a dry socket

A

those who don’t follow at home instructions and women taking contraceptives cause estrogen can prevent healing

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24
Q

flushing out the socket with a syringe and placing medicated dressings are treatment for

A

dry socket

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25
Q

what are two types of medicated dressings

A

idoform and eugenol gauze

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26
Q

what type of grasp is most common when passing instruments

A

palm grasp

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27
Q

what are periosteal elevators used for

A

they loosen the teeth but retracting the periosteum from the surface of bone

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28
Q

straight and angular elevators are used to

A

apply leverage to loosen the tooth from the periodontal ligaments

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29
Q

root tip picks are right angled ends with a pointed spoon and used to

A

remove root tips or fragments left behind after extraction

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30
Q

forceps are used to remove teeth by grasping the tooth around and below the __

A

CEJ ( cementoenamel junction)

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31
Q

universal maxillary forceps are numbered ___ and can be used on either side of the arch

A

150

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32
Q

18L and 18R have asymmetrical beaks are used on the

A

max left and max right

33
Q

88R forceps are used for the ___ and both beaks are __

A

max right and pointed

34
Q

18L and 18R forceps have asymmetrical beaks, the buccal side is ___ and the palatal side is ___

A 
Buccal = pointed 
Palatal = rounded
35
Q

what numbered forceps are used on maxillary anteriors

A

65 and 1

36
Q

Universal mandibular forceps are numbered as

A

151

37
Q

Modified cow horn forceps are numbered as

A

15 - beaks are longer

38
Q

Cow horn forceps are numbered as

A

16

39
Q

13 forceps are used for mandibular ___ and are known as the hawksbill

A

anteriors and premolars

40
Q

150S and 151S are the universal ___ forceps

A

pedodontic. 150 max 151 mand

41
Q

surgical curettes resemble a large spoon excavator with sharp edges, what are they used for

A

to scrape inside socket to remove diseased tissues

42
Q

what is a Bard Parker

A

the metal handle to hold disposable scalpel blades

43
Q

what is used to retract tissue, remove root tips, clamp blood vessels and grasp loose objects

A

hemostats - big scissors with grooved beaks

44
Q

a mallet and chisel can be used to

A

remove or reshape bone

45
Q

when trimming and shaping alveolar bone a __ is used

A

rongeur

46
Q

after the rongeur removes bone what is used to smooth it

A

a bone file only used after cutting

47
Q

what should surgical scissors never be used for

A

non surgical tasks - it dulls the cutting surface

48
Q

where are bite blocks placed

A

on the opposite side of mouth from treating area

49
Q

the tip of a ___ is much narrower than HVE tips in order to access the bottom of the socket

A

surgical aspirator

50
Q

surgical burs can be used to remove bone, cut crowns or roots and have an extra ____ to reach surgical site

A

extra long shank

51
Q

if a scalpel has been used, what must follow

A

sutures

52
Q

how long do sutures remain in place if non absorbable

A

5 to 7 days

53
Q

suture scissors have a small groove in one beak and are used to

A

cute suture material

54
Q

needle holders have criss cross patterned beaks and a locking mechanism in order to

A

firmly grasp the needle

55
Q

plain and chromic catgut, collagen, polydioxanone, polyglycolic acid are all forms of __ sutures

A

absorbable

56
Q

non absorbable sutures are commonly named after the __

A

material they’re made of

57
Q

what are 3 indications for a dental implant

A

to replace one or more teeth, support a bridge or denture and prevent bone loss and gum recession

58
Q

what evaluations must a patient go through to be considered for an implant

A

physical exam, psychological evaluation and med history evaluation

59
Q

what is the surgeon looking at from radiographs prior to implants

A

height, width and amount of alveolar bone in the area needing an implant

60
Q

can you use any commercial mouth rinses prior to complete healing of an implant

A

no

61
Q

what are the 3 parts to an implant

A

the abutment&abutment screw, implant and crown

62
Q

what are the two ways crowns are attached to the abutment

A

by a screw or cemented into place with temp cement

63
Q

endosteal implants are made of titanium and are also known as

A

osseointergrated implants

64
Q

what is osseointergration

A

the process of living cells of the jaw bone naturally growing around the implant

65
Q

what is titanium endosteal implants coated with to promote osseointegration

A

hydroxyapatite

66
Q

how long does it take for the implant to heal after surgery

A

3-6 months

67
Q

what is a subperiosteal implant

A

a metal frame placed under the periosteum but above the bone

68
Q

what is the need for a surgical stent and how is it made

A

they are used for proper implant placement. made from a diagnostic cast and must be sterilized before use

69
Q

transosteal implants are ___

A

implants through the mandible attaching to a plate underneath

70
Q

who is the ideal candidate for a transosteal implant

A

patients with severely resorbed ridges

71
Q

what are mini implants used for

A

fixation of dentures, smaller in diameter

72
Q

alveoectomy is the

A

removal of bone

73
Q

alveoplasty is the

A

adding it reshaping of bone

74
Q

aspirational biopsy’s are testing ___

A

fluid

75
Q

what is removed in a incisional biopsy

A

part of the lesion

76
Q

excisional biopsy’s remove ___ of the lesion

A

all of the lesion

77
Q

exfoliating biopsy’s are completed by

A

scraping the lesion

78
Q

how is a biopsy specimen stored and what is it stored in

A

placed fully submerged in a 10% formalin solution

79
Q

why are vital signs taken in oral surgery

A

the have a baseline of their normal

dental assisting mda (35 decks)

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