Periodontics Chapter 55 Flashcards by rebecca hannigan

What is periodontics

the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases that effect supporting and surround tissues

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Periodontium are the supporting tissues of the tooth, what 3 things are included in it

cementum, alveolar bone and perio ligaments

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the main cause of periodontal disease

dental plaque/biofilm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Supragingival surfaces are located where

above the gumline

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

subgingival surfaces are considered

root surfaces below the gum line and can extend into pockets

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the earliest sign of periodontal disease

gingivitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is dental plaque induced gingivitis

plaque present at gingival margin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

why do certain medications have an effect on gingivitis

it changes the body’s reaction with plaque

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

gingivitis that is effected by medications is called

plaque induced gingiva disease modified by systemic factors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Periodontitis effects the

bone and connective tissues

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ANUG stands for and is a

acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and is an overgrowth of bacteria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ANUP is found in patients with

HIV AND AIDS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

when is periodontal treatment indicated

condition is irreversible, bone loss has occurred, patient will maintain after procedure, all other options have been exhausted

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the 3 stages of periodontitis

chronic, aggressive, necrotic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Necrotic periodontitis causes

rapid destruction and interproximal bone loss

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

PSR exams are used to

quickly access state of periodontal health to determine if extensive exam is required

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a sulcus is when the depth is within

1-3mm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

when would a measurement be considered a pocket

when it exceeds 4mm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

psr exams are completed by measuring ___ in each ___

each surface and recording deepest reading in each sextant

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a * is used to indicate

mobility, furcation involvment, and recession greater than 3.5mm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the bleeding index

used to record extent of bleeding during probe on the basis that healthy gums don’t bleed

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

localized periodontal disease is when

less than 30% of tissues at effected

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

generalized periodontal disease is when

more than 30% of tissues are effected

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

type I pocket depth is early/slight and consists of

red swollen gums - gingivitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Type II moderate pocket depth is when

some bone loss occurs and pocket depth increases due to swelling

Type III Pocketing is severe and consists of

gingival and infrabony pocketing

what in health history can contribute to periodontal disease

pathological migration, cleanching/grinding, defective restorations, mobility and occlusal interferences

What type of radiographs are used to depict bone height in perio

bite wings and panoramic

what is a gingival cleft

a fissure or elongated opening on the gingiva that extends toward the root crating a V

M3 would be ___ when recorded on a chart

severe mobility

how is mobility detected

by using two blunt ends of instruments to move tooth

A pseudo/false/relative pocket is AKA the

gingival pocket- no bone loss

A suprabony periodontal pocket is when ___ bone loss occurs

horizontal bone loss inline with the crown

Infrabony periodontal pockets occur when there is ___ bone loss

vertical bone loss inline with the adjacent tooth

what is dental prophylaxis

complete removal or calculus, plaque and stains from tooth surface

non surgical perio treatment consists of

scaling, root planing, curettage to remove bio burden from periodontal pockets

Why is root planing preformed

to clear and smooth tooth surface for deposition of cementum

curettage is to

remove necrotic tissue from pocket walls

when would an ultrasonic scaler not be used

in patients with communicable diseases like TB, suscepTble to infection, respiratory problems, pacemakers, primary teeth and difficulty swallowing

Perio probes are used to

measure depth of pocket

Fucartion probes are shaped like a pig tail and used to

measure horizontal and vertical pocket depth in furfaction areas

Periodontal explores are use to

located calculus and provide tactile information on texture of root surface

sickle scalers have a straight shank and are used to remove supragingival calculus on the

anterior teeth

Jacquette scalers have 3 angles on the shank and remove calculus on the

posterior teeth

chisel scalers have a curved blade and are used for removing calculus in the

interproximal areas of anterior teeth

How scalers have a right angle at shank and are for removing calculus of the ___ and ___ surfaces of posterior teeth

buccal and lingual

what is used to crush extremely heavy calculus

files

What is the difference between curettes and scalers

curettes are used below the gum line and have a rounded tip | Scalers are used above the gum line and have a pointed end

the universal curette is used for ___ removal on __ teeth

subgivgival calculus removal on all teeth

The gracey curette is ___ specific and is for the _ and _ surfaces

area specific, mesial and distal

The kirkland knife has triangular ends and is for

creating incisions and removing soft tissues

which knife is used for removing tissue in interdental areaS

the orban knife, shaped like a spear

Periotomes have a straight and and are used to

cut periodontal ligaments

what are pocket markers used for

sharp ended cotton pliers used to make bleeding points to prep for incision

what can curettes be used for besides subgingival calculus

root planing and removing diseased tissues in pockets

what material are implant scalers, curettes and probes made of

plastic to prevent scratching

what antibiotic is preferred for perio treatments

tetracycline

The most effective agent in deciding the development of plaque and gingivitis is

chlorahexadine

what do fluorides for for perio wounds

reduce blessing and provide a bacteriocidal effect

locally devliverex antibiotics can be placed as ___ directly in the wound

a fibre, syringe, or dissolvable chip

festooning is

creating grooves in the teeth / restoring natural shape

Gingival hyperplasia is the

overgrowth of gingival tissues. Common in gingival disease but can also be caused by dilantin and cyclosporine

what are the two types of excisional surgery

gingivectomy and gingivoplasty

periocoronitis is the

inflammation of tissue around partially erupted teeth. resolved with gingivectomy

excisional surgery is the

removal of gingival tissue

what is a gingivectomy

the removal of diseased tissue

gingivoplasty is ___ where no tissue is lost

reshaping and contouring of tissues

Incisional surgery is when a flap or gingiva is ___

separated from underlaying tissue and pushed away from working area to expose root surfaces

the removal and relocation of tissue is known as

soft tissue grafting

Dehiscence is aka the Zipper of bone loss and occurs when

exposure of the tooth root due to bone loss, extends toward apex

Finest ration is a window of bone loss that occurs when

the area where roots join on a multi tooth are denuded

Osteplasty is a ___ bone surgery

additive, bone is added contoured and reshaped

ostectomy is the removal of bone, preformed on

defects to restore natural function and appearance

GTR

guided tissue regeneration - placement of a membrane to allow for selective regeneration

what are the 4 types of surgical dressings

zoe dressing, non eugenol, light cured and gelatin based dressings

how long are perio packs left on a site

one week

why are splints used

to stabilize and support mobile teeth

allergy to eugenol would create what kind of reaction when applied

redness and a burning sensation

which dressing dissolved within 24-48 hours

gelatin based dressings