Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

dental assisting mda > Dental Radiology - Xray films (2) > Flashcards

Dental Radiology - Xray films (2) Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 components of a traditional xray film

A

film base, adhesive layer, film emulsion and protective layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Film base is made of a thin plastic (0.2mm) and is made to withstand what conditions

A

heat, moisture and chemical exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the adhesive layer attaches emulsion to film base and is located where

A

on both sides of the base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is film emulsion made of

A

silver halide crystals and gelatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the purpose of silver halide crystals in film emulsion

A

to give it sensitivity to radiation in order to produce an image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the protective layer is a thin transparent coating that protects from

A

physical manipulation and chemical processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the purpose of gelatin in film emulsion

A

to suspend and evenly dispute crystals over the film base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what material absorbs processing solution to allow for chemicals to react with halide crystals

A

gelatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A chemical compound sensitive to light and radiation is known as

A

silver halide crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Silver halide crystals are composed of

A

silver and a halogen (bromide or Iodide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what’s the percentage of silver bromide crystals in emulsion

A

80-99%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what’s the percentage of silver iodide crystals in emulsion

A

1-10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is a latent image created by halide crystals

A

the silver halide crystals absorb the radiation during exposure and store the energy from it. A pattern is then created by the stored energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Latent image

A

a image created by a pattern in the crystals that comes from stored energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

an image that is existing but not yet developed is known as a

A

latent image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Masking of a image prevents

A

crystals underneath the cover from being exposed to radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the process chain of silver halide crystals

A

exposure> Processing > Visible/stable image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 3 types of xray film

A

intraoral, extra oral, duplicating film

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Intra oral film is placed where

A

inside the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Outer waterproof wrap, black paper wrapper, film, lead foil are all components of

A

traditional intra oral film

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the purpose of lead foil

A

to shield film from secondary radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the purpose of a black paper wrapper

A

to shield film from light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The identification dot (A) is used to

A

identify between right and left sides when mounting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

lead foil is considered __ and is ___

A

hazardous waste, properly disposed of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Size 0 film is used only for

A

small children PA and BW’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Size 1 film is used for __ with the paralleling technique

A

adult anterior PA’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Which film size is considered standard film?

A

size 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

size 2 film is used on adults for

A

posterior PA’s and BW’s and anterior PA’s with bisecting technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

can you use size 2 film on a child with a large mouth or for child occlusal films

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is size 3 used for exclusively

A

extra long adult posterior bite wings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

a size 3 film will cover __

A

one entire side of the mouth (max and mand)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what Is size 4 film used for

A

adult occlusal films

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

the mandible can continue growth until what age

A

20’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is a prominent feature of maxillary occlusal films

A

the midsagital suture line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Periapical films are used to examine

A

the entire tooth, crown, root, and surrounding bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Periapical also means

A

around - apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

root margins, infection/disease, decay and bone health are all aspects that a ___ film would show

A

periapicial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What sizes of film are used for PA’s

A

0,1,2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

3 types of intraoral film

A

Periapical, bitewings, and occlusal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what size film is used for PA anterior on an adult using the paralleling technique

A

size 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

what size film is used for PA bisecting adult anteriors and posterior

A

size 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

a size 0 film is used for PAs on

A

children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Bitewings are used to examine

A

crowns of max and mand, interproximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

overhangs, calculus, caries, height of crestal bone are all shown on what type of film

A

bitewings

45
Q

what is a bitewing series

A

2-4 films of posterior teeth to detect and document internal structure of tooth

46
Q

what is the minimum set of xrays you’d receive at a hygiene check up if any

A

bitewing series

47
Q

sizes used for bitewings are

A

0, 1, 2, 3

48
Q

occlusal films are used to

A

examine the maxilla and mandible

49
Q

what sizes are used for occlusal films

A

size 4, and 2

50
Q

the amount of radiation needed to produce a radiograph in relation to film is known as

A

film speed

51
Q

film speed is determined by

A

the size of sliver halide crystal, thickness of emulsion and presence of radiosensitive dyes

52
Q

the larger the halide crystal, the ___

A

faster the film speed

53
Q

a faster film results in an image that is

A

less sharp

54
Q

which film speed is the fastest

A

F speed

55
Q

the speed requiring a 60% decrease in exposure from D speed film is

A

F speed

56
Q

2 types of extra oral films

A

panoramic, cephalometric

57
Q

extra oral films are used to examine

A

large areas of skull and jaw

58
Q

when prepping a patient for a panoramic you would

A

explain the procedure, place double sided lead apron, and remove any object on the head that could compromise the quality of scan

59
Q

How would you position a patient for a pan

A

spine straight, teeth on groove, midsagittal perpendicular to floor, Frankfort parallel to floor, lips around block, and tongue on roof of mouth

60
Q

the midsagittal plane is

A

down the midline of face

61
Q

the frankfort plane is

A

top of ear through to bottom of the eye and across

62
Q

Cephalometric film is used to measure the

A

growth and development of the skull

63
Q

2 types of extra oral films

A

screen films, nonscreen films

64
Q

screen films are used with ___ to reduce radiation to pt

A

intensifying screens

65
Q

nonscreen films are not recommended for dental radiography because they

A

require more exposure time

66
Q

what are the two components of screen films

A

cassettes and intensifying screens

67
Q

cassettes keep the light out so that the intensifying screen can

A

transfer energy to light and expose it to screen film

68
Q

intensifying screens are made of

A

smooth plastic coated in small fluorescent crystals

69
Q

fluorescent crystals are AKA

A

phorphors

70
Q

fluorescence emit what color light

A

blue and green

71
Q

Conventional calcium tungstate screen emits a

A

blue light

72
Q

newer rare earth screens emit a

A

green light

73
Q

which color emitted from the intensifying screens are more effective and require less radiation

A

green light

74
Q

What is duplicating film

A

making a duplicate of a copy to send for insurance companies and specialists

75
Q

duplicating film only has one side of

A

emulsion

76
Q

is duplicating film exposed to xrays

A

no, made in dark room using a Lightbox

77
Q

a double film packets creates

A

2 identical images from one dose of radiation

78
Q

what is the ideal temp for film storage

A

50-70F or 10-21C

79
Q

ideal humidity for film storage

A

30-50%

80
Q

do films have an expiration date

A

yes, first in first out

81
Q

what type of container is film store in

A

a lead lined/radiation resistant container to prevent film fog

82
Q

what is film fog

A

caused by scatter radiation, it attaches to film making later exposure not stick

83
Q

do edentulous patients need radiographs

A

yes

84
Q

Radiolucent structures appear

A

dark or black, radiation passes through

85
Q

radiopaque structures appear

A

light and white, radiation can’t pass

86
Q

enamel, bone, restorations are examples of

A

radiopaque structures

87
Q

air, access, pulp are examples of

A

radiolucent

88
Q

contrast is

A

degrees of blackness / shade of greys

89
Q

low contrast images show _

A

lots of grey shades

90
Q

high contrast images only show

A

black and white

91
Q

which electrical factor has influence on contrast

A

Kvp

92
Q

a low kip results in less adequate waves, meaning a ___ contrast

A

higher

93
Q

long scale contrast is aka

A

low contrast

94
Q

short scale contrast is aka

A

high contrast

95
Q

the step wedge is a form of quality assurance that demonstrates

A

contrast scales produced by exposure

96
Q

density is the overall

A

blackness of an image

97
Q

what settings would give you a full range of grey shades

A

properly balanced kvp and ma

98
Q

3 geometric influences

A

sharpness, magnification, distortion

99
Q

what 3 things influence sharpness of an image

A

size of focal spot on target, size of halide crystals, movement

100
Q

if you increase the length of your PID, the magnification of the image would ___

A

decrease

101
Q

if the distance from the object being examined to the receptor is increased the magnification would also

A

increase

102
Q

distortion is the

A

variation in size and shape from true form

103
Q

if a receptor is placed to far or with an insufficient angle the image would be

A

distorted

104
Q

quality + quantity =

A

intensity

105
Q

inverse square law states that

A

the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from radiation source

106
Q

inversely proportional means that when one variable increases, the other

A

decreases

107
Q

if you changed a 8” PID out for a 16” PID the intensity would ___

A

be 1/4 as intense

108
Q

changing from a 16” PID to an 8” PID would change the intensity to

A

4x as strong

dental assisting mda (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions